Pulmonology

Cell-free DNA fragmentomes for noninvasive detection of liver cirrhosis and other diseases.

Accessible liquid biopsies, including analyses of genome-wide cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentation, are emerging for early detection of cancer but remain largely unexplored in other diseases. Here, we used whole-genome sequencing to examine cfDNA fragmentomes in 1576 individuals, including those with liver disease or with other morbidities such as vascular, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative conditi...

Speech-to-Speech Voice-Cloning Care (SVCC) for improving ICU-acquired anxiety for critically ill patients in a tertiary hospital in Beijing, China: protocol of a randomised, controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Intensive care unit (ICU) visiting restrictions in hospitals, implemented due to infection control and other factors, limited contact between patients and family members, affecting patients' well-being and clinical outcomes. With the evolution of voice-cloning based on artificial intelligence (AI) technology, it has become possible for health providers to communicate with critically ...

Thoracic muscle loss increases the use of mechanical ventilation in elderly patients with pulmonary embolism: constructing and validating a machine learning model on a two-center cohort.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model to predict the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) in elderly patie...

Multimodal MRI-based two-stage artificial intelligence framework for renal fibrosis classification in chronic kidney disease.

Ensemble learning on serum metabolic fingerprints for early detection of lung adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for non-invasive strategies for...

Radiomics features as imaging biomarkers in alveolar and craniofacial bone healing: a scoping review.

Radiomics has emerged as a promising approach for quantifying bone regeneration by extracting high-dimensional features from routine imaging data. Thi...

Development of an interpretable machine learning model-based online tool for risk identification of anxiety symptoms in Chinese older adults.

BACKGROUND: As the population aging process has accelerated, anxiety symptoms (AS) among older adults have become a critical concern. In addition to d...

Host-focused immunity, metabolism, and diagnostic innovation for precision control of tuberculosis globally.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases worldwide. Despite advances in treatme...

Plasma proteomic profiles of lung volume-based phenotypes in Tobacco-Exposed Individuals Without Spirometric COPD.

BACKGROUND: Among individuals with a history of smoking but preserved spirometry (tobacco exposed with preserved spirometry, or TEPS), lung volume-bas...

Interpretable Machine Learning Uncovers the Dominance of Oxygen Partial Pressure and Crystallinity in Mo-Doped In2O3 Thin Film Growth.

Data-driven approaches have accelerated materials discovery, yet they often remain "black boxes" that prioritize performance over physical understandi...

Natural language processing of biomedical text to map and prioritize protein-disease associations in HFpEF.

The validation of promising clinical biomarkers, molecular mechanisms, and novel drug targets in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is hindered by a vast an...

In-Hospital Mortality Prediction of Patients Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Using Composite Lactate Metrics and Weight of Evidence Modeling.

BACKGROUND: Mortality prognostication in adult patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is not accurate or established. We hypoth...

An optimized machine learning model based on hematological indicators for the noninvasive identification of baicalin's therapeutic effects in pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive cardiopulmonary disorder with high mortality, necessitating non-invasive methods for early detection and ...

Smart Garment for Continuous Respiration Monitoring in Canines.

There is a growing need for at-home respiration monitoring in canines, who are prone to respiratory issues due to breed-specific anatomy and active li...

Integrated CTC Enrichment and Dual-Responsive Nanoprobe Identification Enable Intelligent Liquid Biopsy-Based Cancer Diagnosis.

This work addresses the challenge of accurately identifying living circulating tumor cell (CTC) from contaminating leukocytes by developing a novel, f...

AI-Assisted Lung Sliding Detection in Point-of-Care Ultrasound by Marine Corps Corpsmen: A Multi-Reader Study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to address training limitations and inter-operator variability that constrain the use of lu...

Performance validation of an artificial intelligence-assisted chest radiograph algorithm for incidental pulmonary nodule detection in Malaysian healthcare facilities: a multicentre cross-sectional study protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Incidental pulmonary nodules (IPNs) are commonly encountered on chest radiographs (CXRs) performed for routine clinical indications and ...

Clinical value of ultra-low-dose chest CT with deep learning image reconstruction in the detection and characterization of pulmonary nodules.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical value of ultra-low-dose CT (ULDCT) with deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) in the diagnosis of pulmonary no...

GSDME-mediated pyroptosis modulates the immunosuppressive microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma.

Despite the increasing recognition of pyroptosis, particularly that involving GSDME, its precise impact on tumor prognosis and the immune microenviron...

Bayesian machine learning enables discovery of risk factors for hepatosplenic multimorbidity related to schistosomiasis.

One in 25 deaths worldwide is related to liver disease, and often with multiple hepatosplenic conditions. Yet, little is understood of the risk factor...