Pulmonology

Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Alveolar Bone Defect Risk Following Orthodontic Treatment.

OBJECTIVES: Alveolar bone defects, such as fenestration and dehiscence, induced by orthodontic treatment represent significant complications that can impact treatment outcomes and long-term health. This study aims to develop a machine learning-based predictive model for classifying the risk grade of alveolar bone defects following orthodontic treatment. METHODS: This study utilised a retrospective...

Combining the prognostic values of entropy-based heterogeneity features from 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET and transmission computed tomography using machine learning in patients with lung adenocarcinoma undergoing curative surgery.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate the combined prognostic values of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) PET and computed tomography (CT)-derived entropy-based heterogeneity features from hybrid PET/CT scanner using machine learning in patients with lung adenocarcinoma undergoing curative surgery. METHODS: Presurgical 18 F-FDG PET/CT from 131 patients with lung adenocarcinoma we...

Integrated assessment of total airway count and pneumonia volume on chest computed tomography as a prognostic biomarker for coronavirus disease.

OBJECTIVES: The clinical relevance of computed tomography (CT)-based airway tree structure is unclear. Herein, we used artificial intelligence to segm...

Conjugate gradient and deep learning reconstructions: reduced time without affecting image quality and nodule detection.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of conjugate gradient reconstruction (CG Recon) and deep learning reconstruction (D...

Pediatric asthma management via integration of a remote spirometry device into an EHR-based artificial intelligence-powered clinical decision support system: A feasibility pragmatic clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children. Suboptimal asthma control is prevalent and causes significant health care costs. El...

Utilizing data mining to improve asthma control in children: a study on influential factors.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the most influential features of asthma control in children and to assess whether feature selection improves model performance....

Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-seq data identifies NR4A1-associated macrophages in immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), the most prevalent primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, is characterized by chronic renal inflammation and progr...

Multimorbidity and memory-related disorders in older adults: A cross-national study based on three large longitudinal cohorts.

BACKGROUND: Memory-related disorders pose a growing burden on ageing populations, yet the global understanding of how multimorbidity links to such cog...

HERC5, IFI6, IFIT3, and OASL as potential diagnostic biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus: an integrated bioinformatics, machine learning and clinical validation.

OBJECTIVES: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a life-threatening autoimmune disorder causing multi-organ damage. Current diagnostic methods are hi...

Development and Validation of an Artificial Intelligence Surgical Video Analysis Model for Predicting Visceral Pleural Invasion in Lung Cancer Surgery: A Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND: Intraoperative diagnosis of visceral pleural invasion (VPI) during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) remains challenging. This s...

The micro- and nanoplastics exposome feedback loop drives synergistic air-lung toxicity.

Airborne micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are now recognized as persistent components of the atmospheric exposome. While their presence is established, ...

eCAPRI: a novel tool combining clinical and imaging data for post-TAVI mortality prediction.

OBJECTIVES: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is crucial for treating calcified aortic stenosis (CAS), yet post-procedural outcomes remai...

Clinical decision support system for detecting right ventricular dysfunction in acute pulmonary embolism: Explainable a new Binary Rule Search (BRS) ensembles and robustness evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Right-ventricular dysfunction (RVD) in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) carries excess short-term mortality; fast, transparent risk stratific...

A nomogram model integrating ultrasound-based multimodal radiomics features and clinical indexes for diagnosing significant hepatic fibrosis in AILD patients.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a prediction model combining radiomics features from 2D ultrasound (2D-US) and shear wave elastography (SWE) with clinical indic...

Comment on "Medication-based mortality prediction in COPD using machine learning and conventional statistical methods".

Development of interfacial oxygen micro-nanobubble technology for hypoxia remediation: Machine-learning assisted optimization and mechanistic insights into sustained oxygen release.

Aquatic deoxygenation requires efficient and durable oxygenation strategies. Here, we developed a data-efficient framework that integrates regression ...

Blood metabolic panels for identifying significant fibrosis and inflammation in patients with MASLD.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remains a prevalent condition with limited diagnostic and therapeutic options. This s...

Improving Genotype Imputation in High-Dimensional Pharmacogenomics Using Multiple Imputation: Evaluation with Machine Learning Approaches.

Multiple imputation is well-established for handling missing data, yet its use in high-dimensional genetic datasets remains limited. Using pharmacokin...

Automated lung sound detection via Bi-GRU-modified SqueezeNet architecture with new stock well feature set.

Lung sound analysis is critical for diagnosing respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, COPD, LRTI, pneumonia, and URTI. Tr...

Artificial intelligence and machine learning in thrombosis and hemostasis: a scoping review of clinical and laboratory applications, challenges, and future directions.

This scoping review followed the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guideli...