Pulmonology

Precise prevention of DEHP induced hepatic fibrosis: Early identifying high-risk populations, revealing key factors, and applying targeted intervention.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) poses a serious threat to human health. Hepatic fibrosis is a decisive factor in the death of MAFLD patients. Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) plays an indispensable role in MAFLD. However, there are still certain shortcomings in the systematic evaluation of its dose-response relationship, key toxic mechanisms, early identification of DE...

Single Port Robot-Assisted Supraclavicular Flap Repair of Iatrogenic Hardware-Associated Pharyngeal Perforation: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of iatrogenic pharyngeal perforation has been reported to comprise 50%-75% of all pharyngeal perforations. In the context of anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF) procedures, pharyngeal perforations are a known, although rare, complication with a morbidity and mortality rate of 4%. METHODS: In the following case report, we describe a 19-year-old male who underwen...

Accurate detection of rice blast using UAV hyperspectral red-edge bands and deep learning method based on cross-attention.

Rice blast is a fungal disease that threatens rice yield and quality, and timely detection methods are essential to control its spread. Unmanned aeria...

Accuracy of AI-Based Algorithms in Pulmonary Embolism Detection on Computed Tomographic Pulmonary Angiography: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Several artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have been designed for detection of pulmonary embolism (PE) using computed tomographic pulmonary angio...

Advancement of an (in vitro/ex vivo) hybrid model framework to forecast polyviral lung disease outcomes.

The advancement of an (in vitro/ex vivo) hybrid model framework for forecasting polyviral lung disease outcomes addresses the pressing need for sophis...

Multimodal deep learning method based on multiple spectra for lung cancer early diagnosis.

Lung cancer remains one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide, and the early and accurate diagnostic is critical. Traditional diagnostic technique...

Salt-inducible kinase 1 is a key gene in suppressing EVD68-induced asthma by modulating antiviral immunity.

Asthma is a complex inflammatory disease of the airways, affecting over 300 million individuals globally. Infection with enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) has ...

Technologies for equine welfare and performance monitoring under field conditions - Where do we stand?

The need for comprehensive equine welfare assessments has become particularly evident amid ongoing debates about the social licence to operate in eque...

Identifying meaningful drug response biomarkers from public pharmacogenomic datasets with biologically informed interpretable neural networks.

With the advancements of next-generation sequencing, publicly available pharmacogenomic datasets from cancer cell lines provide a handle for developin...

Ultra-Low-Dose CTPA Using Sparse Sampling CT Combined with the U-Net for Deep Learning-Based Artifact Reduction: An Exploratory Study.

This retrospective study evaluates U-Net-based artifact reduction for dose-reduced sparse-sampling CT (SpSCT) in terms of image quality and diagnostic...

An interpretable machine learning approach to evaluate 30-day mortality risk in patients with community-onset bacteremia.

BACKGROUND: Machine learning (ML) techniques are increasingly being used in health outcome research to develop predictive models. However, ML models a...

Computer Vision Detects an Association Between Gross Gill Score and Ventilation Rates in Farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar).

Poor gill health compromises the health and welfare of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) by causing respiratory distress and increased ventilation ...

Convergence: Multi-omics and AI are reshaping the landscape biomedical research.

This special volume of Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease showcases a transformative era in biomedical research, driven by the...

Application of machine learning and deep learning in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) can progress to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)...

Enhancing mechanical ventilation management with AI: Computer vision for automated detection of ventilatory modes, parameters and asynchrony.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based decision support platform called NexoVent, which uses computer vision to...

Spatial imaging features derived from SUVmax location in resectable NSCLC are associated with tumor aggressiveness.

PURPOSE: Accurate non-invasive prediction of histopathologic invasiveness and recurrence risk remains a clinical challenge in resectable non-small cel...

Advanced liver fibrosis detection using a two-stage deep learning approach on standard T2-weighted MRI.

OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a deep learning model for automated detection of advanced liver fibrosis using standard T2-weighted MRI. METHODS: ...

Machine Learning in Venous Thromboembolism-Why and What Next?

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, despite advances in imaging and anticoagulation. VTE a...

PD-L1 expression scoring using artificial intelligence algorithms in non-small cell lung cancer harbouring ROS1 fusions: potential clinical-biological significance.

BACKGROUND: PD-L1 expression in ROS1-positive non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients remains unclear regarding its possible clinical-biologica...

Development and validation of a transformer-based deep learning model for predicting distant metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer using 18FDG PET/CT images.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop and validate a hybrid deep learning (DL) model that integrates convolutional neural network (CNN) and vision t...