Tuberculosis

Automated Detection of Tuberculosis on Chest X-Rays Using Artificial Intelligence.

Detecting tuberculosis on X-rays remains complex and challenging for clinicians. In Burkina Faso, the scarcity of radiologists and their heavy workload increase the risk of misinterpretation, particularly in areas with high demand. To address this constraint, we have designed a comprehensive solution based on artificial intelligence, ranging from data analysis to the training of advanced deep lear...

External validation of cough-based algorithms for pulmonary tuberculosis screening from the CODA TB DREAM challenge using cough data from Peru.

The COugh Diagnostic Algorithm for Tuberculosis (CODA TB) DREAM Challenge recently evaluated the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for tuberculosis (TB) screening using cough sounds. Eleven AI models were developed using a dataset of 733,756 cough sounds collected from 2143 adults from seven countries. This study evaluates the CODA Challenge AI models with an external independ...

Computational models for the classification of antibody specificity using heavy chain features.

BACKGROUND: Antibodies play a critical role in immune defense, with their antigen specificity primarily governed by the unique sequences of their heav...

Improving Diagnosis of Severe Paediatric Lymphobronchial Tuberculosis Using Segmentation and Deep Learning on Chest X-Rays.

BACKGROUND: Diagnosing intrathoracic tuberculosis (TB) in children under five years of age remains challenging. Clinical symptoms often overlap with t...

Large-scale cryptic proteome mining revealed potential phage-mediated host-pathogen genetic exchange in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: Due to inevitable evolution, clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) exhibit distinct phenotypes and differ significantly fro...

The role of whole genome sequencing in antimicrobial susceptibility prediction of bacteria: 2025 update from the EUCAST Subcommittee.

SCOPE: The 2017 European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) subcommittee report on the role of Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) i...

Tracking Byproducts Lithium Methoxide in Li-Ion Batteries via Interface-Stabilized Perovskite Quantum Dots-Based Sensors.

Monitoring internal electrolyte decomposition byproducts is pivotal for the early warning of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries yet remains a fo...

Convolutional neural network analysis of cervical CT images: classification of Kikuchi disease, lymphoma, lymphadenitis, and tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: Kikuchi disease, lymphoma, lymphadenitis, and tuberculosis are common diseases affecting the head and neck. The causes and treatment metho...

Ensemble learning-guided discovery of anti-tuberculosis phytochemicals: computational prediction and mechanistic insights.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge driven by persistent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and increasing drug resistance. Ph...

Application of multimodal ultrasound radiomics in the diagnosis of superficial lymph node tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: To develop preoperative diagnostic models for superficial lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) using radiomic features extracted from multimodal ...

Principle-based multiphysics simulation for 3D bioprinting systems: modelling inkjet, extrusion, and DLP processes.

Among additive manufacturing (AM), 3D inkjet technology, materials extrusion (ME), and digital light processing (DLP), which are from dot and line to ...

Emerging Therapeutic Paradigms in Tuberculosis: Nanocarriers, Host-Directed Strategies, and Translational Pharmacology.

TB remains a significant global health burden due to protracted therapeutic courses, poor patient compliance, and toxicities associated with drug trea...

Establishing a competence model in discriminating Mycobacterium species and Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies by using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful laser-based technique with high sensitivity and rapid detection. The present study aimed to e...

Cost-effectiveness of latent tuberculosis infection screening using interferon-gamma release assays among migrants to Japan: a Markov modelling study incorporating social vulnerability and access barriers.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening strategies using interferon-gamma rele...

Classification of spinal tuberculous infection, pyogenic infection and spinal metastasis from magnetic resonance imaging using machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Differentiating between spinal tuberculosis, pyogenic (bacterial) spondylitis and spinal metastasis remains a major diagnostic challenge b...

Development of a four-gene host signature for paucibacillary TB among symptomatic individuals with sputum Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra very low and trace results.

OBJECTIVES: The Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) assay is widely used to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), but "very low" or "trace" results may reflec...

Artificial intelligence on chest X-ray for tuberculosis screening in Tanzania: a multicentre evaluation.

Tanzania has adopted artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted chest X-ray screening for tuberculosis (TB), including the use of CAD4TB version 6, which i...

A systematic review of machine learning approaches to bovine tuberculosis in cattle.

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic zoonotic disease, caused by Mycobacterium bovis which despite years of eradication attempts, is still prevalent...

Machine learning method for the prediction of Bedaquiline-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

The study addresses the increasing resistance to the FDA-approved drug Bedaquiline (BDQ) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). The absence of any defin...

Explainable prediction of MDR/RR-TB in tuberculosis-diabetes mellitus multimorbidity: a machine learning model developed and validated in a dual-center study.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis-diabetes mellitus (TB-DM) multimorbidity significantly increases the risk of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tubercu...