Urology

Artificial intelligence in prostate MRI: Comparative diagnostic performance in a high-prevalence cohort.

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in prostate cancer diagnostic workflows but remains insufficiently validated in high-prevalence cohorts often encountered in academic referral centers.PurposeTo compare the diagnostic performance of licensed AI software with routine radiologist readings of prostate MRI, using histopathology as the reference standard.Material and MethodsIn...

Transdiagnostic monoamine-based subtyping for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder via unsupervised machine learning.

Neuroimaging and molecular studies have examined the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, their findings remain inconsistent because of within-disorder heterogeneity and cross-disorder phenotypic overlap. We sought to identify monoamine-based subtypes across ADHD and ASD and clarify their brain structural characteristics. In 83 ch...

High FDG Uptake in the Non-cancerous Lung Predicts Immune-Related Adverse Events and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Lung Cancer Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, predicting immune...

Deep Neural Patchworks Predict Renal Imaging Biomarkers From Non-contrast MRI via Knowledge Transfer From Arterial-Phase Contrast-Enhanced MRI.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Contrast-enhanced (CE) MRI provides clear corticomedullary contrast for renal compartment delineation but may be contraindic...

From robot assistance to surgical intelligence: global research trends and emerging frontiers of artificial intelligence-enhanced robotic surgery in urology.

To systematically characterize global publication trends, collaboration patterns, intellectual foundations, research hotspots, and emerging frontiers ...

Cross-Device Risk Calibration for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy-Based Urologic Disease Classification.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) combined with deep learning offers a noninvasive route for molecular screening of urologic diseases. Its br...

AI-based anatomical recognition for bladder neck dissection in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system for anatomical recognition that can automatically identify key anatomical structures duri...

Korean Artificial Intelligence-Based Risk Model for Predicting Mortality After Acute Myocardial Infarction.

BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction is associated with substantial mortality risk that persists beyond the acute phase. Many existing post-acute m...

Preoperative prediction of positive surgical margins in prostate cancer using multimodal deep learning model: a multicenter study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop a deep learning model based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical features for predicting PSM risk aft...

Optimization of Multiparametric MRI Sequence Combinations for Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate renal multiparametric MRI sequence combinations for early chronic kidney disease (CKD) detection and identify an...

Single-Cell and Machine Learning Analyses Identify MYDGF as an Immune-Related Biomarker Associated With the Tumor Microenvironment in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Single-cell transcriptomics and machine learning methods are increasingly used to identify immune-related biomarkers in solid tumors, yet their combin...

Explainable AI in Male Infertility: A Clinical Roadmap for Shared Decision-Making.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly entering male infertility care through semen image analysis, sperm-selection support, prediction of sperm...

An Interpretable Machine Learning Model for Continuous Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

The occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) significantly increases the mortality risk. Current...

Epigenomics-Guided Multi-Omics Integration Uncovers a Lipid-Metabolic Signature with Translational Utility in Bladder Cancer.

Background: Bladder cancer (BLCA) exhibits marked heterogeneity, and current classifiers provide limited guidance for prognosis or treatment. Because ...

Identification of age-specific urinary metabolic biomarkers in Wilson disease using machine learning: a comparative study of ensemble tree models.

OBJECTIVES: The diagnosis of Wilson disease (WD) is complicated by heterogeneous clinical phenotypes and inadequate performance of routine biomarkers....

The Best of Both Worlds: How Combining a Large Language Model and a Rule-Based Algorithm Makes Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection Surveillance More Efficient.

BACKGROUND: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) surveillance is critical for patient safety. Many healthcare systems use electronic al...

Continuous imputation of blood gas and metabolic panel laboratory values in the intensive care unit using machine learning.

We developed machine learning (ML) models to perform continuous hourly prediction of arterial blood gas (ABG) and basic metabolic panel (BMP) laborato...

Multi-omics and genetic prioritization identify candidate molecular links between micro- and nanoplastics-associated signatures and chronic kidney disease.

Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) have been detected in human renal and urinary tissues and are increasingly recognized as potential environmental contri...

Early Identification and Management of Biochemical Recurrence Following Radical Prostatectomy.

Biochemical recurrence (BCR) is a common clinical event after radical prostatectomy (RP). Accurate risk stratification and timely individualized treat...

Model-Guided Optimization of a Low-Serum Medium for Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells Using a Kolmogorov-Arnold Network and Bayesian Optimization.

Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells are important hosts for cell culture-based viral vaccine production, but fetal bovine serum (FBS) supplementati...