Urology

Metal artifact reduction on cervical CT images by deep residual learning.

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the fifth most common cancer among women, which is the third leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Brachytherapy is the most effective treatment for cervical cancer. For brachytherapy, computed tomography (CT) imaging is necessary since it conveys tissue density information which can be used for dose planning. However, the metal artifacts caused by brachy...

Enhancing the prediction of acute kidney injury risk after percutaneous coronary intervention using machine learning techniques: A retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The current acute kidney injury (AKI) risk prediction model for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from the American College of Cardiology (ACC) National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) employed regression techniques. This study aimed to evaluate whether models using machine learning techniques could significantly improve AKI risk prediction after PCI.

Dosing Oncology Therapeutics in Combination Therapy for Renal Dysfunction: The University of California San Diego Study of Personalized Cancer Therapy to Determine Response and Toxicity (UCSD-PREDICT) Experience.

Introduction Dose reductions are often required to avoid toxicity in combination therapy for advanced cancers, but information on appropriate dose red...

Chronic exposure to cadmium is associated with a marked reduction in glomerular filtration rate.

BACKGROUND: Urinary 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) has been associated with hypertension in women with elevated urinary cadmium (Cd) excret...

Deep Semantic Segmentation of Kidney and Space-Occupying Lesion Area Based on SCNN and ResNet Models Combined with SIFT-Flow Algorithm.

Renal segmentation is one of the most fundamental and challenging task in computer aided diagnosis systems. In order to overcome the shortcomings of a...

Individual and Combined Relationship between Reduced eGFR and/or Increased Urinary Albumin Excretion Rate with Mortality Risk among Insulin-Treated Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Routine Practice.

BACKGROUND: A low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and an increased urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) are well-recognised prognosti...

CNN cascades for segmenting sparse objects in gigapixel whole slide images.

Due to the increasing availability of whole slide scanners facilitating digitization of histopathological tissue, large amounts of digital image data ...

Multi-perspective predictive modeling for acute kidney injury in general hospital populations using electronic medical records.

OBJECTIVES: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients puts them at much higher risk for developing future health problems such as chronic kid...

Ritonavir-boosted paritaprevir, ombitasvir plus ribavirin could improve eGFR in patients with renal impairment and HCV: an Egyptian cohort.

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed at evaluation of changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) pati...

Choline: The Underconsumed and Underappreciated Essential Nutrient.

Choline has been recognized as an essential nutrient by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academies of Medicine since 1998. Its metabolites...

How can the presence of a surgical care practitioner improve training for staff who are learning how to scrub for robotics cases in a urology theatre?

AIM: This study examines how a surgical care practitioner can contribute to the learning needs of junior scrub staff learning to scrub for urological ...

Assessing urinary levels of IL-18, NGAL and albumin creatinine ratio in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

AIMS: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious microvascular complication of a longstanding hyperglycemia. This study aims to evaluate whether urinary n...

Combined Low Dose Rate Brachytherapy and External Beam Radiation Therapy for Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer.

INTRODUCTION: This is a retrospective study conducted to report the tumor control and late toxicity outcomes of patients with intermediate-risk prosta...

Multiregion segmentation of bladder cancer structures in MRI with progressive dilated convolutional networks.

PURPOSE: Precise segmentation of bladder walls and tumor regions is an essential step toward noninvasive identification of tumor stage and grade, whic...

Development of an Artificial Intelligence Model to Guide the Management of Blood Pressure, Fluid Volume, and Dialysis Dose in End-Stage Kidney Disease Patients: Proof of Concept and First Clinical Assessment.

BACKGROUND: Fluid volume and blood pressure (BP) management are crucial endpoints for end-stage kidney disease patients. BP control in clinical practi...

Determination of appropriate urine volume cutoff values for voided urine specimens to assess adequacy.

INTRODUCTION: Incorporating urine volume into adequacy assessment was recommended by The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology. The concept was ...

A Randomized Control Trial Of Anti-Inflammatory Regional Hypothermia On Urinary Continence During Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy.

The present study seeks to present a single-blind, randomized control trial of a hypothermic anti-inflammatory device, the endorectal cooling balloon ...

The association between serum uric acid to creatinine ratio and renal disease progression in type 2 diabetic patients in Chinese communities.

AIMS: Serum uric acid (UA) increases in patients with kidney disease due to the impaired UA clearance. The present study sought to evaluate the associ...

LogLoss-BERAF: An ensemble-based machine learning model for constructing highly accurate diagnostic sets of methylation sites accounting for heterogeneity in prostate cancer.

Although modern methods of whole genome DNA methylation analysis have a wide range of applications, they are not suitable for clinical diagnostics due...

Re: Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy Versus Open Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy: 24-month Outcomes from a Randomised Controlled Study.