AI Medical Compendium Topic

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Artificial Intelligence and global health: opportunities and challenges.

Emerging topics in life sciences
Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers unprecedented opportunities and challenges for humanity. If AI can be positioned and leveraged correctly, it can rapidly accelerate progress on achieving the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), in...

Evaluation of the enhanced upper limb therapy programme within the Robot-Assisted Training for the Upper Limb after Stroke trial: descriptive analysis of intervention fidelity, goal selection and goal achievement.

Clinical rehabilitation
OBJECTIVE: To report the fidelity of the enhanced upper limb therapy programme within the Robot-Assisted Training for the Upper Limb after stroke (RATULS) randomized controlled trial, the types of goals selected and the proportion of goals achieved.

A generative spiking neural-network model of goal-directed behaviour and one-step planning.

PLoS computational biology
In mammals, goal-directed and planning processes support flexible behaviour used to face new situations that cannot be tackled through more efficient but rigid habitual behaviours. Within the Bayesian modelling approach of brain and behaviour, models...

Categorization of birth weight phenotypes for inclusion in genetic evaluations using a deep neural network.

Journal of animal science
Birth weight (BW) serves as a valuable indicator of the economically relevant trait of calving ease (CE), and erroneous data collection for BW could impact genetic evaluations for CE. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the use of deep...

Generative Adversarial Network with Multi-branch Discriminator for imbalanced cross-species image-to-image translation.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society
There has been an increased interest in high-level image-to-image translation to achieve semantic matching. Through a powerful translation model, we can efficiently synthesize high-quality images with diverse appearances while retaining semantic matc...

Natural language processing and network analysis provide novel insights on policy and scientific discourse around Sustainable Development Goals.

Scientific reports
The United Nations' (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are heterogeneous and interdependent, comprising 169 targets and 231 indicators of sustainable development in such diverse areas as health, the environment, and human rights. Existing effo...

Mixed-methods evaluation of three natural language processing modeling approaches for measuring documented goals-of-care discussions in the electronic health record.

Journal of pain and symptom management
CONTEXT: Documented goals-of-care discussions are an important quality metric for patients with serious illness. Natural language processing (NLP) is a promising approach for identifying goals-of-care discussions in the electronic health record (EHR)...

Bench to bedside: The ambitious goal of transducing medicinal chemistry from the lab to the clinic.

Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters
This paper deals with a critical examination on the possibility of quantitatively predicting the in vivo activity of new chemical entities (NCEs) by making use of in silico and in vitro data including three-dimensional structure of drug-target comple...

Hierarchical Motion Learning for Goal-Oriented Movements With Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff of a Musculoskeletal System.

IEEE transactions on cybernetics
Generating various goal-oriented movements via the flexible muscle model of the musculoskeletal system as fast and accurately as possible is a pressing problem, which is also the basis of most human adaptive behaviors, such as reaching, catching, int...