AIMC Topic: Large Language Models

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A large language model for delirium prediction in the intensive care unit using structured electronic health records.

Scientific reports
Delirium is an acute syndrome characterized by fluctuating attention, cognitive impairment, and severe disorganization of behavior, which has been shown to affect up to 31% of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Early detection can enable time...

Large Language Model Versus Manual Review for Clinical Data Curation in Breast Cancer: Retrospective Comparative Study.

JMIR medical informatics
BACKGROUND: Manual review of electronic health records for clinical research is labor-intensive and prone to reviewer-dependent variations. Large language models (LLMs) offer potential for automated clinical data extraction; however, their feasibilit...

Monitoring Opioid-Related Social Media Chatter Using Natural Language Processing and Large Language Models: Temporal Analysis.

JMIR infodemiology
BACKGROUND: Opioid overdose is a global public health emergency, with the United States experiencing high rates of morbidity and mortality due to prescription and illicit opioid use. Traditional public health monitoring systems often fail to provide ...

"It's Not Only Attention We Need": Systematic Review of Large Language Models in Mental Health Care.

JMIR mental health
BACKGROUND: Mental health care systems worldwide face critical challenges, including limited access, shortages of clinicians, and stigma-related barriers. In parallel, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools capable of supporting ...

Evaluating the performance of five large language models in answering Delphi consensus questions relating to patellar instability and medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders
PURPOSE: Artificial intelligence (AI) has become incredibly popular over the past several years, with large language models (LLMs) offering the possibility of revolutionizing the way healthcare information is shared with patients. However, to prevent...

Performance of the Large Language Models on the Chinese National Nurse Licensure Examination: Cross-Sectional Evaluation Study.

JMIR medical informatics
BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored in nursing education, but their capabilities in specialized, high-stakes, culturally specific examinations, such as the Chinese National Nurse Licensure Examination (CNNLE), remain un...

Quality Assessment of Large Language Model-Generated Medical Dialogue for Clinical Vignettes: Evaluation Study.

JMIR formative research
BACKGROUND: Traditional clinical vignettes, though widely used in medical education, often focus on prototypical presentations; require substantial time and effort to develop; and fail to represent patient diversity, the complexity of clinical condit...

Evaluating the Clinical Effectiveness and Patient Experience of a Large Language Model-Based Digital Tool for Home-Based Blood Pressure Management: Mixed Methods Study.

JMIR mHealth and uHealth
BACKGROUND: Hypertension, one of the most common cardiovascular conditions worldwide, necessitates comprehensive management due to its association with multiple health risks. Effective control often involves lifestyle changes and continuous monitorin...

Utility and Limitations of Large Language Models to Simplify Online Content on Generalized Pustular Psoriasis.

Rhode Island medical journal (2013)
Online health information (OHI) in dermatology often exceeds the recommended sixth-grade reading level, hindering patient comprehension. This study aimed to assess the utility of three artificial intelligence large language models (LLMs) - ChatGPT-3....

Large language models as educational collaborators: developing non-conventional teaching aids in pharmacology & therapeutics.

BMC medical education
BACKGROUND: With the growing integration of artificial intelligence in medical education, this study compares the quality and educational robustness of content generated by two large language models (LLMs), DeepSeek-V3 and ChatGPT 4.0, on the emergin...