AI Medical Compendium Topic:
Probability

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Machine Learning for Causal Inference: On the Use of Cross-fit Estimators.

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
BACKGROUND: Modern causal inference methods allow machine learning to be used to weaken parametric modeling assumptions. However, the use of machine learning may result in complications for inference. Doubly robust cross-fit estimators have been prop...

Better-than-chance classification for signal detection.

Biostatistics (Oxford, England)
The estimated accuracy of a classifier is a random quantity with variability. A common practice in supervised machine learning, is thus to test if the estimated accuracy is significantly better than chance level. This method of signal detection is pa...

Generative transfer learning for measuring plausibility of EHR diagnosis records.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
OBJECTIVE: Due to a complex set of processes involved with the recording of health information in the Electronic Health Records (EHRs), the truthfulness of EHR diagnosis records is questionable. We present a computational approach to estimate the pro...

Cost-Effective Machine Learning Based Clinical Pre-Test Probability Strategy for DVT Diagnosis in Neurological Intensive Care Unit.

Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
In order to overcome the shortage of the current costly DVT diagnosis and reduce the waste of valuable healthcare resources, we proposed a new diagnostic approach based on machine learning pre-test prediction models using EHRs. We examined the sociod...

Holographic Declarative Memory: Distributional Semantics as the Architecture of Memory.

Cognitive science
We demonstrate that the key components of cognitive architectures (declarative and procedural memory) and their key capabilities (learning, memory retrieval, probability judgment, and utility estimation) can be implemented as algebraic operations on ...

Augmenting Interpretation of Chest Radiographs With Deep Learning Probability Maps.

Journal of thoracic imaging
PURPOSE: Pneumonia is a common clinical diagnosis for which chest radiographs are often an important part of the diagnostic workup. Deep learning has the potential to expedite and improve the clinical interpretation of chest radiographs. While earlie...

Chemical-protein interaction extraction via Gaussian probability distribution and external biomedical knowledge.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
MOTIVATION: The biomedical literature contains a wealth of chemical-protein interactions (CPIs). Automatically extracting CPIs described in biomedical literature is essential for drug discovery, precision medicine, as well as basic biomedical researc...

Validation of a Convolutional Neural Network Model for Spike Transformation Using a Generalized Linear Model.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
Identification of causal relationships of neural activity is one of the most important problems in neuroscience and neural engineering. We show that a novel deep learning approach using a convolutional neural network to model output neural spike acti...

Modeling and measurement of signaling outcomes affecting decision making in noisy intracellular networks using machine learning methods.

Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro
Characterization of decision-making in cells in response to received signals is of importance for understanding how cell fate is determined. The problem becomes multi-faceted and complex when we consider cellular heterogeneity and dynamics of biochem...