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Propensity Score

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Random Forests Approach for Causal Inference with Clustered Observational Data.

Multivariate behavioral research
There is a growing interest in using machine learning (ML) methods for causal inference due to their (nearly) automatic and flexible ability to model key quantities such as the propensity score or the outcome model. Unfortunately, most ML methods for...

Effects of Exoskeletal Lower Limb Robot Training on the Activities of Daily Living in Stroke Patients: Retrospective Pre-Post Comparison Using Propensity Score Matched Analysis.

Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association
PURPOSE: There is limited evidence of gait training using newly developed exoskeletal lower limb robot called Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) on the function and ability to perform ADL in stroke patients. In clinical settings, we frequently find it chall...

Machine learning outcome regression improves doubly robust estimation of average causal effects.

Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
BACKGROUND: Doubly robust estimation produces an unbiased estimator for the average treatment effect unless both propensity score (PS) and outcome models are incorrectly specified. Studies have shown that the doubly robust estimator is subject to mor...

Lower Incidence of Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy Than in Open Partial Nephrectomy: A Propensity Score-Matched Study.

Journal of endourology
Acute kidney injury (AKI) after partial nephrectomy is attributed to parenchymal reduction and ischemia, but the extent of its effect remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the incidence of postoperative AKI among surgical modalities, robot-as...

Propensity score adjustment using machine learning classification algorithms to control selection bias in online surveys.

PloS one
Modern survey methods may be subject to non-observable bias, from various sources. Among online surveys, for example, selection bias is prevalent, due to the sampling mechanism commonly used, whereby participants self-select from a subgroup whose cha...

Retzius-sparing Robotic Radical Prostatectomy for Surgeons in the Learning Curve: A Propensity Score-matching Analysis.

European urology focus
BACKGROUND: Several authors claimed that the Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RS-RARP) needs a prolonged learning curve, and outcomes during this phase could be suboptimal.

Comparison of medium-term survival outcomes between robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in treating primary lung cancer.

General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
OBJECTIVES: Robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) for primary lung cancer has been spreading rapidly in Japan. While RATS has various technical advantages over video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), the quality of surgery from an oncologi...