Addictions

Prefrontal cortex-extracellular vesicle RNAs coupling in alcohol use disorder: towards non-invasive biomarkers and targeted therapeutics.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) poses a substantial global health burden, with its molecular mechanism remaining elusive. This study integrated datasets (GSE253155, GSE180722, GSE182173 and GSE176122) and clinical specimens to identify non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic candidates for AUD. Transcriptomic analysis of post-mortem prefrontal cortex identified 34 differentially expressed genes (DEGs),...

Discussion of Toward Opioid-Free Ambulatory Surgery: A Prospective Study Using Machine Learning to Predict Postoperative Opioid Use.

Neuroimmune Cross-Talk and Multilevel Cascades in Fentanyl Toxicity: Interplay of Hypoxic Stress, Glial Activation, and Synaptic Dysregulation in Systems-Level Neurodegeneration.

Fentanyl, an ultra-potent synthetic opioid, has traditionally been characterized by its acute toxic effects, particularly respiratory depression. Howe...

The Development and Use of AI Chatbots for Health Behavior Change: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are technologies that facilitate human-computer interaction through communication in a natural langu...

Identifying clinical correlates of drinking clusters during treatment for alcohol use disorder.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Despite the availability of treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD), relapse prevalence and health-related consequences a...

Comparing the accuracy of artificial intelligence models to detect alcohol in video images.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Thanks to smart devices, social media and streaming platforms, watching videos, like movies or short social media clips, has beco...

Passive data do not improve prediction or detection of alcohol consumption beyond temporal patterns in major depression: A 90-day cross-validated study.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent psychological disorders and frequently co-occurs with alcohol use disorders, increasing t...

Tegmental kappa-opioid receptor neurons modulate opioid withdrawal via the periaqueductal gray.

Opioid withdrawal is a common and distressing manifestation of opioid dependence which, if left untreated, frequently results in relapse, accidental o...

Decoding the interaction of characteristic aroma compounds in Anhui rose damascena essential oil: Utilizing odor activity values, molecular simulation, and machine learning.

Anhui Rosa damascena essential oil is renowned for its unique aroma, yet the mechanism of aroma interactions remains unclear. Using gas chromatography...

Performance of Machine Learning Models in Predicting Outcomes After ACDF: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 443 000 Patients.

Study DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.ObjectiveDirect head-to-head comparison of machine learning models aiming to predict outcomes in Anter...

Groundwater depth prediction based on CNN-GRU-attention model.

As a crucial freshwater resource, groundwater plays an indispensable role in arid and semi-arid regions characterized by low annual precipitation and ...

Effectiveness of roadside alcohol testing in reducing fatal accidents and fatal drinking-driving accidents: A multi-city study in China.

This study examines the dynamic relationship between roadside alcohol check rates and traffic mortality across 248 cities in mainland China from 2014 ...

High-Performance Hydrogel Skins for Bioinspired Robotic Fish in Extreme Ocean Environments.

The ocean's extreme environments demand robust materials for next-generation exploration tools. Here, we report a multifunctional poly(vinyl alcohol) ...

Incidence and implications of abstinence-induced recompensation in alcohol-related cirrhosis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Alcohol abstinence enables hepatic recompensation in patients with decompensated alcohol-related cirrhosis. This study investigated...

Sleep deprivation and epiretinal membrane risk: Machine learning findings from a nation-wide survey.

PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study explored the association between sleep deprivation and epiretinal membrane (ERM) using machine learning applied to...

The impact of maladaptive perfectionism on AI dependence among college students: The mediating role of self-control and the moderating role of academic engagement.

With the rapid proliferation of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), increasing scholarly attention has been directed toward college students' ...

Machine Learning Prediction of Pharmacogenetic Testing Uptake Among Opioid-Prescribed Patients Using Electronic Health Records: Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Opioids are a widely prescribed class of medication for pain management. However, they have variable efficacy and adverse effects among pa...

Development of prediction models for perioperative opioid needs in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients: A machine-learning approach.

BACKGROUND: Changes in opioid prescribing practices have evolved, including perioperative settings. However, computerized clinical decision support sy...

Development and Validation of a Urinary Exosomal miRNA Diagnostic Panel for Early Detection of Esophageal Cancer.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with early detection being challenging. Although endosc...

Liver cancer risk stratification using deep learning on nationwide longitudinal health screening data: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Current liver cancer screening in Korea focuses on viral hepatitis or cirrhosis, despite rising risks from metabolic and alcohol-related l...