Clinical Trials

AI-based augmentation of oncology clinical trials.

Oncology clinical trials are often characterized by slow accrual, high failure rates and limited generalizability, reflecting both biological complexity and operational inefficiencies. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) - enabled by large-scale electronic health record datasets and machine learning methods - offer new opportunities to address these challenges across the clinical trial lifecy...

Trust-Centered Design and Feasibility Evaluation of an AI-Enabled Conversational Health Tool for Sexual and Reproductive Health Among Rural Young Adults: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Young adults aged 18 to 25 years in rural communities face barriers to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information, including clinician shortages, clinic closures, and privacy concerns in close-knit communities. Many rely on online sources of varying quality; one analysis found that 40% of birth control video content is inaccurate or misleading. AI-enabled conversational health to...

Prompt Framing and Evidence Requirement for AI-Generated Educational Responses in Dental Education: Experimental Study.

BACKGROUND: Large language models are increasingly used in health professions education; however, the role of prompt design in shaping their outputs r...

Exploring the influencing factors of academic doctoral students' academic innovation behavior in the context of generative artificial intelligence: Self-determination theory and motivation-opportunity-ability perspectives.

PURPOSE: Although generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has increasingly reshaped academic research practices, existing studies have mainly exami...

The use of artificial intelligence models for interpretation and triage of clinical referral letters to acute and specialist care pathways: Protocol for a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Clinical referral letters direct patients into acute, urgent, and specialist care pathways, but their triage is typically manual, heteroge...

Non-invasive prediction of dupilumab response in facial atopic dermatitis using early post-treatment reflectance confocal microscopy features.

BACKGROUND: Non-invasive prediction of the efficacy of dupilumab on facial lesions in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) was unresolved. OBJECTIVE: ...

Radiomics Model Predicts Efficacy of First-Line CDK4/6 Inhibitor Combined with Endocrine Therapy in HR+/HER2- Advanced Breast Cancer.

INTRODUCTION: The combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors and endocrine therapy is the first-line standard regimen for advanced HR⁺/HER₂⁻ breast cancer. Howe...

[Web-based translation software in clinical practice : A survey in a German university hospital including a data protection and liability perspective].

BACKGROUND: Language barriers are an obstacle in everyday clinical practice. Webbased translation software can offer a low-barrier solution. This stud...

Online adaptive radiotherapy in pelvic and thoracic cancers - comparing toxicities, clinical outcomes and technical parameters between conventional image-guided radiotherapy and online adaptive radiotherapy - the study protocol for the prospective, registry-based cohort study (PRoART).

BACKGROUND: Conventional image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) typically relies on a computed tomography (CT)-based treatment planning process (planning CT...

Bibliometric analysis of ergonomics studies in nursing: Trends and highlights between 1981-2025.

BackgroundErgonomics is important for improving nurses' working conditions and preventing work-related health problems. Research on ergonomics in nurs...

High-performance MXene/CuNWs/MH-TPU piezoresistive strain sensors fabricated via template-assisted phase separation with integrated thermal-EMI dual protection for emergency rescue.

In recent years, complex and extreme fire environments have posed a severe threat to the safety of front-line firefighters, urgently requiring high-pe...

Evaluating Artificial Intelligence Translation Tools for Language Equivalence of Oncology-Informed Consent Forms From English to Spanish.

PURPOSE: Approximately 8% of the US population speaks primary languages other than English. Limited English proficiency (LEP) contributes to under-rep...

AI in Psychiatry for Improving Continuity of Patient Care: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Continuity of care is essential in psychiatric services due to the chronic, relapsing nature of mental health conditions, yet care pathway...

Implementation and Evaluation of an AI-Assisted Telerehabilitation System for Postdischarge Continuation of Rehabilitative Care: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) launched a Rehabilitation 2030 initiative to call for global action to scale up rehabilitation efforts...

Clarifying contradictions: transportability in 17OHP-C trials and preterm birth outcomes using doubly debiased machine learning.

Following the Meis et al. trial that identified a benefit of 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17OHP-C) in reducing the risk of recurrent preterm...

Resting-state fMRI-based machine learning for predicting SSRI treatment response in major depressive disorder.

BACKGROUND: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental health condition with significant societal impact. Although prior research has highl...

Smartphone-based optical and spectroscopic sensors for food safety monitoring: principles, applications, and future directions.

Food safety monitoring increasingly requires analytical tools that are rapid, portable, and accessible beyond centralized laboratories. In this contex...

AI-Assisted Electrocardiogram Interpretation Improves ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Diagnostic Accuracy Among Advanced Practice Providers: A Prospective Randomized Crossover Study.

INTRODUCTION: Timely and accurate diagnosis of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is critical in military operational environments where evacu...

Large Language Model-Based Clinical Decision Support for Antibiotic Selection and Dose Recommendation in Hospitalized Patients With Pneumonia: Multicenter Retrospective Study.

BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is a common infectious disease, and antibiotic treatment in hospitalized patients must balance efficacy, safety, and resistance ...

Nurse-Led Large Language Model Chatbot for Predicting and Preventing Complications After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Thirty-day unplanned readmission following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) affects 10%-20% of patients and is a key quality indicat...