Gastroenterology

Integrity of polymeric micelles regulates bioavailability of cyclosporine A: A FRET-based analysis during oral delivery.

This study comprehensively investigated the effect of structural integrity on the oral delivery efficacy of mPEG-b-PCL polymeric micelles (PMs) using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technology. During mucus penetration, the integrity loss of PMs resulted from the "hydration effect" of mucins and the "solubilization effect" of bile salts. Increasing surface PEG density or decreasing p...

Respiratory Exposure to Agriculture Dust Extract Alters Gut Commensal Species and Key Metabolites in Mice.

Exposure to agricultural dust containing antimicrobial-resistant pathogens poses significant health risks for workers in animal agriculture production. Beyond causing severe airway inflammation, pollutants are linked to intestinal diseases. Swine farm dust is rich in ultrafine particles, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and bacterial components such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS; endotoxins...

Grape drying promote agentia: Food safety assessment of a broad-spectrum use drying agent for dried fruits.

Grape drying promote agentia (GDPA) plays a crucial role in raisin production and is widely used. These accelerators primarily consist of alkaline rea...

EBV-DNA load: A predictor of immune and hepatic dysfunction in pediatric infectious mononucleosis.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a prevalent pediatric condition with diverse clinical manifestations. This study aim...

Classification of image-enhanced endoscopy in colon tumors.

Colorectal cancer accounts for 10% of global cancer cases in each year, making accurate evaluation and resection crucial. Imaging-enhanced endoscopy h...

Nonlinear associations of serum vitamin D levels with advanced liver disease and mortality: a US Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent and linked to chronic diseases; its association with advanced liver disease progression requires clarifi...

Construction of exosome non-coding RNA feature for non-invasive, early detection of gastric cancer patients by machine learning: a multi-cohort study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a prevalent and preventable disease, yet accurate early diagnostic methods are lacking. Exosome ...

Impacts and mechanism of liver-specific knockout of selenoprotein I on hepatic phospholipid metabolism, selenogenome expression, redox status, and resistance to CCl toxicity.

Selenoprotein I (SELENOI) was known initially as ethanolamine phosphotransferase 1 (EPT1) and later as a selenoprotein. Because global knockout of Sel...

Lifestyle modification programme for people living with HIV with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease among people living with HIV, a...

Unsupervised Test-Time Adaptation for Hepatic Steatosis Grading Using Ultrasound B-Mode Images.

Ultrasound (US) is considered a key modality for the clinical assessment of hepatic steatosis (i.e., fatty liver) due to its noninvasiveness and avail...

Learning a deep language model for microbiomes: The power of large scale unlabeled microbiome data.

We use open source human gut microbiome data to learn a microbial "language" model by adapting techniques from Natural Language Processing (NLP). Our ...

Evaluation of Hepatic Progenitor and Hepatocyte-Like Cell Differentiation Using Machine Learning Analysis-Assisted Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

Technology has been developed to monitor the differentiation process of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) and hep...

Stacking classifiers based on integrated machine learning model: fusion of CT radiomics and clinical biomarkers to predict lymph node metastasis in locally advanced gastric cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND: The early prediction of lymph node positivity (LN+) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is crucial for optimizing individualized treatmen...

Polystyrene nanoplastics cause developmental abnormalities, oxidative damage and immune toxicity in early zebrafish development.

Aquatic organisms are increasingly affected by polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs), which have the potential to disrupt development, induce oxidative str...

Microencapsulation of Lactobacillus cells utilizing the β-glucan-rich cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for enhanced stability and efficacy.

Probiotic encapsulation enhances bacterial stability and viability, yet conventional materials like sodium alginate have limitations, particularly in ...

A biorefinery approach for the simultaneous obtention of essential oils, organic acids and polyphenols from citrus peels: Phytochemical characterization and bioactive potential.

This investigation evaluates the valorization of citrus peels (lemon, tangerine, and orange) to recover both on-polar and polar fractions simultaneous...

Artificial intelligence and colorectal neoplasia detection performances in patients with positive fecal immunochemical test: Meta-analysis and systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: The combination of fecal immunochemical test (FIT) followed by colonoscopy has established itself as one of the preferred population-based...

Interpretable machine learning model for predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a severe complication following liver surgery. We aimed to develop a novel, interpretable machine learning (M...

Use of polyethylene glycol precipitation and ultracentrifugation to enhance the sensitivity of hepatitis B virus DNA detection.

BACKGROUND: Sensitive molecular detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA is crucial for diagnosing and managing occult hepatitis. To improve the sensi...

Effects of artificial intelligence assistance on endoscopist performance: Comparison of diagnostic performance in superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma detection using video-based models.

OBJECTIVES: Superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) detection is crucial. Although narrow-band imaging improves detection, its effective...