Gastroenterology

Profiling of extracellular vesicles from primary hepatocytes, organoids, and mash patients identifies cell injury-specific signatures.

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) is a severe form of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), traditionally diagnosed via invasive biopsy, underscoring the need for non-invasive alternatives. This study identifies biologically relevant extracellular vesicle (EV) protein signatures associated with MASH using patient serum, primary human hepatocytes (P...

Dual swin transformer for assisting in the diagnosis and surgical prediction of necrotizing enterocolitis.

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis and surgical prediction of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remain challenging. Our goal is to develop an interpretable multimodal artificial intelligence model to assist these key clinical decisions. METHODS: This retrospective study included 484 neonates (242 with NEC, 242 without NEC). We developed a dual Swin Transformer integrating abdominal X-rays (2D branch) and lab...

Integration of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing reveals programmed cell death-associated transcriptional programs in sepsis-induced acute lung injury.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a frequent and life-threatening complication of sepsis, yet clinically actionable transcriptomic...

Accuracy of machine learning in predicting recurrence risk of lumbar disc herniation after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a major cause of low back pain and radicular leg pain. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is...

Ultrasound elastography in pediatric care: bridging innovation and noninvasive diagnostics.

This review explores the application and limitations of ultrasound elastography (USE) in the pediatric population, addressing its diagnostic value acr...

Complex in vitro model developers' perspective on advanced hepatic in vitro culture methods for predictive drug safety.

INTRODUCTION: Adverse drug reactions remain a major barrier to drug development, with hepatotoxicity representing a persistent cause of clinical failu...

Multimodal AI for early prediction of adverse clinical outcomes in acute pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND: Conventional clinical scoring systems and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) interpretation provide limited accuracy in predicti...

Nanomedicine in precision treatment of gastric cancer: current clinical landscape.

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with therapeutic efficacy often hindered by late-stage diagnosis, c...

A machine learning‑enhanced serum metabolomics model for non‑invasive detection of gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with early detection crucial for improving survival. Current non...

Hepatic Vessel Map (HVM): An Expert-Annotated CT Dataset for Clinically Applicable AI in Liver Vascular Segmentation and Surgical Planning.

Precise delineation of hepatic and portal venous anatomy is crucial for the diagnosis of liver disease, surgical planning, and prognosis prediction. C...

Construction of liver organoid models by hepatobiliary differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells: state of the art, challenges and improving strategies.

Physiologically relevant liver models are essential for advancing hepatic disorder research, especially for disease modeling and drug development, yet...

Performance comparison of a neuro-symbolic large language model system versus conventional AI models and human experts in cholangitis management.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising results in medical decision support; Background: Large language models (LLMs) have demon...

Computational Quantification of Peristalsis in Preclinical Mouse Models Using Smartphone Videography.

BACKGROUND: A number of diseases and medical interventions affect gastrointestinal motility. However, quantitative methods for measuring effects on pe...

Artificial Intelligence for the Diagnosis of Pancreatic Diseases Using Endoscopic Ultrasonography.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly being applied to medical imaging; however, the evidence base for endoscopic ultrasonography-based AI (EUS-AI) ...

Development of a new disseminated intravascular coagulation score tailored for patients with chronic liver disease: a prospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: Diagnosing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in patients with chronic liver disease is challenging because cirrhosis-related he...

Marker-less Body Surface Registration with 3D imaging for Percutaneous Intervention with Smartphone Augmented Reality in Phantoms and in vivo.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of automatic surface tracking registration with a smartphone augmented reality (AR) guidance system for percutaneous...

Artificial Intelligence-Based Body Composition Analysis Reveals Sex-Specific Prognostic Markers and Their Clinical Value in Gastric Cancer: A Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Conventional body composition assessment fails to capture its multidimensional complexity in gastric cancer (GC). This study aime...

Organ-Specific Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Subtypes Across the Digestive System Linked to Cancer Hallmarks.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are major stromal components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play diverse roles in gastrointestinal (GI) ...

Interpretable machine learning model for predicting operative difficulty in robotic total mesorectal excision for mid-low rectal cancer.

Precise preoperative prediction of surgical complexity in robot-assisted total mesorectal excision (R-TME) is essential for optimizing surgical strate...

Liver Nodule Anomaly Detection Using Ultra-sound Radiofrequency Signals and Variational Autoencoders.

OBJECTIVE: Detection of liver nodules in ultrasound (US) is challenging due to the low visibility in the presence of steatotic and cirrhotic livers. A...