Gastroenterology

Integrative multi-omics reveals MHC class II-mediated neuroinflammation and systemic metabolic dysregulation as transdiagnostic drivers in major brain disorders.

Psychiatric, neurodevelopmental, and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BIP), major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia (SCZ), exhibit complex etiologies driven by immune and metabolic dysregulation. While distinct in their clinical onset, these conditions share...

Improving preoperative risk stratification in colorectal liver metastases: a multi-institutional evaluation of multimodal prediction models.

Reliable prognostic models of death or liver recurrence following resection of colorectal liver metastases are critical to stratify patients for treatment. The study aimed to develop models incorporating clinical and imaging data into multimodal preoperative prediction models of hepatic disease-free survival and overall survival. We conducted a retrospective cohort study with 1,301 consecutive pat...

Testing the feasibility of deep learning approaches to enhance monitoring of marine macroinvertebrates: Insights from a case study using the gastropod Peringia ulvae.

Coastal ecosystems, while vital for their ecosystem services, face growing threats from climate change and human activities. Traditional methods for m...

Toward disease-associated fecal microbiome signatures for domestic mammals.

Conserved fecal microbiome signatures of intestinal diseases across domestic mammals offer a non-invasive avenue to monitor animal health and advance ...

AI-based organ weight estimation from postmortem computed tomography.

Accurate organ weight determination is essential in forensic autopsy. Postmortem computed tomography (CT) combined with Artificial Intelligence (AI)-b...

Tree-based machine learning models recover rule-based flare labels from virtual symptom diaries in pediatric Behçet's disease: an in silico proof-of-concept study.

Behçet's disease (BD) in childhood is characterised by recurrent inflammatory flares that can result in significant morbidity, most notably with ocula...

AI meets sleep surgery: assessing drug-induced sleep endoscopy interpretation with a large language model.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance and safety of a large language model in interpreting drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) videos and prov...

Deep learning-empowered Raman spectroscopy for gastric cancer diagnosis: a review of data pipelines and algorithms.

Raman spectroscopy is emerging as a label-free tool for gastric cancer diagnosis by capturing molecular fingerprints of malignant transformation. Howe...

Interpretable single-cell machine learning identifies PINK1-centred mitophagy as a determinant of metabolic fitness in type 2 diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction constitutes a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D), yet the molecular programmes governing metaboli...

Machine learning modeling to predict HCC locations in cirrhotic patients undergoing MRI - a proof-of-concept study.

PURPOSE: Current hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance guidelines rely on manually defined LI-RADS (Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System) fea...

Deep learning-based respiratory-triggered magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography: comparison with conventional respiratory-triggered and breath-hold magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether deep learning-based respiratory-triggered (DL) 3D magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) improves acquisition...

Integration of site-specific deep learning models for automated OAR segmentation in craniospinal proton therapy: a geometric and dosimetric analysis.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the feasibility of integrating RayStation deep learning auto-segmentation (DLS) models-originally trained for adult head...

The slope of enlightenment: Towards a more realistic understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of artificial intelligence for colorectal polyp assessment.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved into a transformative adjunct to gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, particularly through deep-learning-...

Treatment-specific CT Radiomics Models To Predict Response To Neoadjuvant Therapy And Explore Individualized Treatment Selection In Gastric Cancer.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To develop and compare general and treatment-specific radiomics models based on pretreatment computed tomography (CT) for pr...

Comparative effectiveness of arthroscopic-assisted uniportal surgery versus percutaneous endoscopic decompression in lumbar spinal stenosis.

Single-level lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) that does not respond to conservative therapy is now of the standard care given due to minimal invasive deco...

Novel application of attention-enhanced hybrid efficient net for multi-scale histopathological cancer classification.

Examination of high-resolution whole-slide images requires an analysis of the histopathological images, which is essential in the precise diagnosis of...

Artificial intelligence with mucosal exposure devices versus artificial intelligence alone in detection of colorectal adenomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Both artificial intelligence (AI) and mucosal exposure devices (MEDs) have been shown to improve adenoma detection rate and reduc...

Personalized survival prediction in elderly dialysis patients: integrating machine learning with traditional survival analysis.

BACKGROUND: Elderly patients undergoing kidney replacement therapy (KRT) face high mortality rates. Traditional statistical models describe overall su...

Optimizing the mathematical model and technical standards for unilateral biportal endoscopic spinal surgery through machine learning-based video analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To enhance the efficacy of the unilateral biportal endoscopic spinal procedure, the spinal triangle concept is proposed, integrating a digi...

A scoping review on emerging biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease: Towards precision medicine in diagnosis and therapeutic management.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are chronic conditions presenting significant diagnostic and management challenges. Current invasive met...