Geriatrics

The Metabolite indole-3-acetic acid of Bacteroides ovatus ameliorates ovariectomy-induced bone loss by activating AhR and inhibiting oxidative stress.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis represents a systemic skeletal condition distinguished by diminished bone mass and heightened skeletal fragility. Emerging evidence has highlighted a significant relationship between bone metabolism and disturbances in gut microbiota (GM) homeostasis. However, the exact mechanisms by which GM dysbiosis contributes to postmenopausal osteoporosis remain insufficiently und...

Advancing the FAIRness of Multimodal Imaging Research Through the OMOP MI-CDM Framework: A Case Replication Study in Alzheimer's Disease.

The objective of this study is to demonstrate an end-to-end approach for operationalizing the Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) principles in multimodal medical imaging research using standardized data models and reproducible computational workflows, illustrated by reproducing the design and directional findings of a published Alzheimer's disease (AD) imaging study. Clinical...

CMB-Net: A Clinically Modulated Boundary-Aware Network for Anatomical Segmentation of the Cervical Transformation Zone in Colposcopy.

Colposcopy is an essential tool for cervical precancer evaluation and biopsy guidance. Most existing artificial intelligence (AI) tools for cervicogra...

Artificial intelligence for pediatric fracture detection: impact on diagnostic revisions and patient recall rates in a tertiary emergency setting.

PURPOSE: Artificial intelligence (AI) can support and enhance radiologists in musculoskeletal imaging, but evidence of clinical benefit is still lacki...

Accelerated brain aging and anterior white matter hyperintensity burden in chronic post-stroke aphasia: a lesion-aware MRI analysis.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chronic post-stroke aphasia is heterogeneous, and focal lesion models do not fully explain persistent language impairment. We ...

Global trends in Alzheimer's and dementia research (2019-2024): A machine learning-based bibliometric analysis.

BackgroundDementia, including Alzheimer's disease, represents one of the fastest-growing global health challenges. To coordinate research priorities, ...

Heterogeneity in the association between antihypertensive medications and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias risk: A multidimensional machine learning analysis to inform drug repurposing.

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) place an immense burden on patients, families, and health systems in the United States. Hyp...

Predicting future brain atrophy based on longitudinal MRI.

BackgroundNeuron loss is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases and leads to brain atrophy detectable with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Accurat...

scReGAT: Leveraging Knowledge of Regulatory Interactions to Predict Long-range Gene Regulation at Single-cell Resolution.

Understanding gene regulation at single-cell resolution is crucial for unraveling development, disease, and cellular identity. We introduce single-cel...

Mapping the Reliability-Readability Gap in the Education of Patients With Age-Related Macular Degeneration Across 6 Large Language Models: Comparative Evaluation Study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence-generated health information is increasingly used by patients, but its reliability, visible transparency indicator...

The Performance of ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-R1 in Interpreting Thyroid Nodule Ultrasound Text Reports: Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND: Although thyroid nodules are detected in up to 60% of adults on ultrasound, the vast majority are benign, creating a substantial decision-...

Inflammation-linked aging signals in frozen single-cell foundation models: donor-aware detection and robustness testing.

Single-cell foundation models such as scGPT and Geneformer are large neural networks trained on human single-cell RNA-seq data. They were never shown ...

Integration of multi-omics and artificial intelligence for therapeutic insights in Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressively worsening type of brain disorder that damages the nerve cells. It is marked by the buildup of amyloid-β pl...

Performance of multimodal large language models in interpreting lateral cephalometric superimpositions: A comparative observer-performance study.

INTRODUCTION: Multimodal large language models (LLMs) can generate free-text interpretations of clinical images, but their performance on orthodontic ...

NeuroOmics-Net: An interpretable multimodal deep learning framework for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and progression prediction using neuroimaging, EEG, and genomic data.

Accurate diagnosis and progression prediction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease, which inv...

The 2025 National Institute of Health Budget Cuts and the Future of Radiology Innovation: Implications for the Physician-Scientist Pipeline and Research Paradigms.

The United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) serves as the cornerstone of biomedical research funding. Yet, radiology departments receive a d...

[Use of AI during creation of scientific reviews: the example of sarcopenia in head and neck cancer].

BACKGROUND: This article examines the impact of skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenia on the treatment of head and neck tumors using an AI-based review ...

Predicting which colorectal cancer patients are most likely to improve their functional capacity with pre-surgery prehabilitation: a retrospective study based on the 6-min walk distance.

PURPOSE: Prehabilitation prior to colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery aims to improve functional capacity and postoperative outcomes, although results rem...

Comparative Screening of Alzheimer's Disease, Lewy Body Dementia, and Frontotemporal Dementia Using miRNA and Machine Learning.

Current dementia diagnostic methods can be costly, invasive, or limited in their ability to distinguish between disorders with overlapping clinical sy...

IDEAL-Age: an interpretable deep learning framework for single-cell resolution profiling of immunological aging.

Immunosenescence increases susceptibility to infection and reduces vaccine responsiveness, yet bulk transcriptomic clocks obscure the cellular heterog...