HIV/AIDS

Utilizing Machine Learning to Improve Neutralization Potency of an HIV-1 Antibody Targeting the gp41 N-Heptad Repeat.

The N-heptad repeat (NHR) of the HIV-1 gp41 prehairpin intermediate (PHI) is an attractive potential vaccine target with high sequence conservation across diverse strains. However, despite the potency of NHR-targeting peptides and clinical efficacy of the NHR-targeting entry inhibitor enfuvirtide, no potently neutralizing NHR-directed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) nor antisera have been identified ...

LLM-Generated Multiple Choice Practice Quizzes for Pre-Clinical Medical Students; Prevalence of Item Writing Flaws.

Multiple choice questions (MCQs) are frequently used in medical education for assessment. Automated generation of MCQs in board-exam format could potentially save significant effort for faculty and generate a wider set of practice materials for student use. The goal of this study was to explore the feasibility of using ChatGPT by OpenAI to generate USMLE/COMLEX-USA-style practice quiz items as stu...

Patterns in Mental Health Symptoms, Substance Use, and Viral Suppression in People with HIV: A Clustering Analysis.

Mental health conditions and substance use are prevalent among people with HIV (PWH), are correlated with one another, and associate with viral non-su...

Dynamic alterations of SEEG characteristics during peri-ictal period and localization of seizure onset zone.

BACKGROUND: The evolution in peri-ictal period (from pre-ictal to ictal phase) of seizures contains abundant epileptogenic information, which aids in ...

DynamicDTA: Drug-Target Binding Affinity Prediction Using Dynamic Descriptors and Graph Representation.

MOTIVATION: Predicting drug-target binding affinity (DTA) is essential for identifying potential therapeutic candidates in drug discovery. However, mo...

Machine learning based gut microbiota pattern and response to fiber as a diagnostic tool for chronic inflammatory diseases.

Gut microbiota has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple gastrointestinal (GI) and systemic metabolic and inflammatory disorders where disru...

Machine learning-based integration develops relapse related signature for predicting prognosis and indicating immune microenvironment infiltration in breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women, and while current treatments can cure the majority of early-stage primary BC cases, recurren...

A descriptor-free machine learning framework to improve antigen discovery for bacterial pathogens.

Identifying protective antigens (PAs), i.e., targets for bacterial vaccines, is challenging as conducting in-vivo tests at the proteome scale is impra...

Predicting breast self-examination awareness in Sub-Saharan Africa using machine learning.

Breast self-examination is a very cost-reducing approach that significantly decreases the cost burdens associated with medical equipment, fees of heal...

Formative evaluation of the acceptance of HIV prevention Artificial Intelligence chatbots by Black gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in the Southern United States: Focus group study.

Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) account for 60% of new HIV infections among Black Americans in the Southern United States (U....

From Fragile Lives to Forensic Truth: Multimodal Forensic Approaches to Pediatric Homicide and Suspect Death.

Forensic investigation of child homicides presents unique challenges due to the vulnerability of children and the complexity of distinguishing betwee...

Harnessing AI for aphasia: a case report on ChatGPT's role in supporting written expression.

INTRODUCTION: Aphasia is associated with impairments in written language, including difficulty with sentence formulation, word finding, and editing. W...

Load demand forecasting in air conditioning a rotor Hopfield neural network approach optimized by a new optimization algorithm.

Load demand forecasting is crucial for optimal energy management and sustaining comfortable indoor environments for air conditioning systems. The curr...

Divergent Immune Pathways in Coronary Artery Disease and Aortic Stenosis: The Role of Chronic Inflammation and Senescence.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with growing evidence linking immune dysregulation to i...

Factors Influencing the Binding of HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors: Insights from Machine Learning Models.

HIV-1 protease inhibitors are crucial for antiviral therapies targeting acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Hundreds of HIV-1 protease complexe...

The Role of PANoptosis-Related Genes in Predicting Breast Cancer Survival and Immune Prospect.

The function of PANoptosis in breast cancer (BC) remains indistinct. We constructed a nomogram model to predict the prognosis of BC to identify high-...

Integrating machine learning and symbolic regression for predicting damage initiation in hybrid FRP bolted connections.

The increasing adoption of machine learning (ML) in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite design has led to a reliance on black-box models, which a...

Evaluating the usability of an HIV-prevention artificial intelligence chatbot in Malaysia: national observational study.

BACKGROUND: Malaysia, an upper middle-income country in the Asia-Pacific region, has an HIV epidemic that has transitioned from needle sharing to sexu...

Robust Self-Healing Polyurethane-Based Solid-State Ion-Conductive Elastomers with Exceptional Strength and Ionic Conductivity for Multifunctional Strain Sensors and Triboelectric Nanogenerators.

Flexible ionic conductors hold potential for wearable sensors and energy harvesting. However, most gel-based conductors suffer from solvent evaporatio...

Inorganic Biomaterials Inducing Scaffolds Pre-Neuralization for Infarcted Myocardium Repair.

Neural networks are found to play an important role in monitoring and coordinating cardiac physiological activities. However, the clinical use of neur...