HIV/AIDS

Biases in Healthcare AI and Their Impact on Patient Empowerment: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied in healthcare and is often linked to patient empowerment. However, biases in data, algorithms, and design may hinder empowerment by reinforcing inequalities and limiting autonomy. OBJECTIVES: This scoping review examines how bias in healthcare AI impacts patient empowerment. METHODS: We searched PubMed and multiple databases via EBSC...

Unveiling Viral Escape Mechanisms With Machine Learning: A Transformative Approach to Mutation Analysis for SARS-CoV-2 and Beyond.

Persistent viruses like Influenza, HIV, and Coronavirus exemplify the challenge of viral escape, significantly hindering the development of long-lasting vaccines and effective treatments. This study leverages a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based deep learning architecture to analyze an extensive dataset of over 3.1 million unique viral spike protein sequences, with SARS-CoV-2 serving as the prima...

Single-trial EEG-based classification reveals Instrument-Specific Timbre Perception via traditional Machine Learning Classifiers.

Many users of hearing aids report challenges when listening to music. In the future, it may be possible to develop hearing aids that monitor brain act...

Prediction of HIV-1 sensitivity to broadly neutralizing antibodies using statistical distribution sampling (SDS) technology.

Accurately predicting HIV-1 sensitivity to broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) is a critical step in advancing the development of effective therap...

Synthetic Inducible Bacteria Normalize the Microenvironment of Refractory Tumors, Potentiating Checkpoint Inhibitor Responses.

Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment but remains ineffective in many solid tumors, largely due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironme...

Artificial neural network optimization of gyrotactic microbes in water hybrid nanoliquid with carbon nanotubes using modified Hamilton crosser model.

The artificial neural network-optimized model for exploring local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) influences on gyrotactic microorganisms in a chemical...

How to Enhance the Learning of Veterinary Anatomy by Drawing?

The disappearance of spontaneous student-generated drawings in examinations induced us to start developing anatomical drawing tasks that would be usef...

HIV and Substance Use Reduction for Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Development and Usability Study.

BACKGROUND: Youth experiencing homelessness face heightened vulnerability to HIV infection and substance use due to complex structural, psychosocial, ...

Transcriptomic sequencing analysis of the tumor microenvironment atlas and potential mechanisms of metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent thyroid malignancy and its incidence continues to rise. Although prognosis is generally favora...

A systematic review of machine learning techniques for real-time speech and noise classification in hearing aids.

Introduction: Hearing loss significantly impairs speech comprehension in noisy environments, creating major communication challenges for individuals w...

Performance of large language models (GPT-5.2, Gemini 3 Pro, Claude Sonnet 4.6 and Grok 4.1) on the Fellowship of The Royal College of Surgeons Urology Part A examination.

OBJECTIVES: To assess and compare the performance of four contemporary frontier large language models (LLMs)-GPT-5.2 (OpenAI), Gemini 3 Pro (Google De...

Glycolytic reprogramming in host response to Borrelia burgdorferi: A gene signature revealed by integrative bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.

Lyme disease (LD), a multifaceted condition caused by Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), remains poorly understood, particularly regarding metabolic pathways....

Clinically interpretable nomogram incorporating radiomics and deep learning feature fusion from abdominal CT for preclinical type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and externally validate a multimodal artificial intelligence framework for opportunistic detection of preclinical type 2 diabete...

Application of machine-learning algorithms to identify the key determinants of risk for HIV, hepatitis C and hepatitis B in primary care settings.

BACKGROUND: Testing for Blood-Borne-Viruses (BBVs) such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV)...

Immune Spatial Organization Predicts Distant Metastasis Risk in Aggressive Localized Prostate Cancer.

PURPOSE: Computational pathology has emerged as an attractive option for improving risk stratification in prostate cancer (PCa), but most approaches e...

Spatial AI consistently preferred to state-of-the-art hearing aids in multitalker noise.

OBJECTIVE: We examined the Spatial AI model running on the Fortell AI hearing aids to see whether it improves perceived ease of understanding in noisy...

Protein Language Model Embeddings Improve HIV Drug Resistance Prediction: A Comprehensive Benchmark with Attention-Based Interpretability.

MOTIVATION: Accurate prediction of HIV drug resistance from viral sequences is critical for optimising antiretroviral therapy. Traditional machine-lea...

Integration of transcriptome and DNA methylation reveals the mechanism of cilia-related genes in recurrent miscarriage.

Recurrent miscarriage (RM), a complex pregnancy disorder with largely undefined molecular mechanisms, has been associated with epigenetic abnormalitie...

The value of the serum cytokine-to-immune ratio model in predicting the progression-free survival after interventional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a prognostic nomogram for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC...

Histology-defined activated cancer-associated fibroblasts are associated with poor survival in diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma.

Activated cancer-associated fibroblasts (aCAFs), characterized by distinct histological features including fibroblast proliferation and extensive desm...