Infectious Disease

[Diagnostic efficacy and teaching value of artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic systems in cervical liquid-based cytology screening].

Objective: To systematically evaluate the diagnostic performance of an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted diagnostic system in identifying squamous intraepithelial lesions of different grades, glandular cell lesions, and common pathogenic microorganisms in ThinPrep cytologic test of cervical samples, and to explore its potential value in improving the diagnostic capabilities of pathologists. Me...

An update on biofilms in acute and chronic wounds: Incidence, clinical evidence, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.

Pathogenic biofilms are a critical barrier to wound healing, driving infection persistence, delayed tissue repair, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and tolerance. This recognition has driven a paradigm shift from a traditional planktonic model of infection to a biofilm-mediated framework, where structured microbial communities are encased within a protective extracellular polymeric substance (EP...

Privacy-Preserving Framework for Multi-Institutional Medical Time-Series Analysis via Homomorphic Encryption: Design and Development Study.

BACKGROUND: The development of robust medical AI for knowledge discovery and decision support commonly necessitates large-scale datasets from multiple...

Effectiveness of Socially Assistive Robots in Promoting Positive Emotional Responses and Alleviating Postoperative Pain Among Children: Quantitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Pain remains a critical issue among hospitalized children and may negatively affect postoperative recovery. In addition to pharmacological...

Artificial intelligence of things-enhanced automated surveillance system for global antimicrobial resistance in food supply chain.

INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens food safety across the farm-to-fork continuum. Real-time surveillance is crucial to mitigate it...

Automated CT Volumetry of Peripancreatic Collections for Risk Stratification in Acute Pancreatitis: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Extrapancreatic necrosis volume is an established prognostic marker in acute necrotizing pancreatitis, yet early diagnosis r...

Machine learning-guided QSAR screening of fluconazole analogs and FDA-approved drugs against Candida albicans, with docking, molecular dynamics, and ADMET analysis.

Invasive candidiasis caused by Candida albicans is a critical-priority fungal disease associated with high mortality, and the increasing resistance to...

A visual analytic method to investigate patterns and structures of missing data.

Datasets often have missing values. Understanding the locations and underlying reasons (missing data patterns and structures, respectively) is importa...

AI-designed viral genomes.

The generation of functional viral genomes has urgent biosafety and biosecurity implications.

Reimagining antimicrobial resistance: AI-driven predictive epidemiology and the C-AMRE framework for next-generation antibiotic discovery.

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has evolved from a clinically observed phenomenon into a complex, dynamic, and partially predictable evolutionary proce...

Modelling the impact of awareness campaigns on HPV transmission dynamics: a neural network-enhanced mathematical model.

HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection; most sexually active individuals are exposed to HPV at some point in their lives, and the major...

Clinical Research on Microecological Landscape for Infection Risk Stratification in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Hematological Conditions.

INTRODUCTION: Infection is a common and potentially fatal complication during the treatment of hematological diseases, particularly in the context of ...

Identifying GADD45A as a potential R-loop regulator in sepsis via machine-learning and multi-omics analysis.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by dysregulated immune responses, while the molecular basis of immune dysfunction rema...

Generative design of bacteriophages with genome language models.

Many important biological functions arise not from single genes but from complex interactions encoded by entire genomes. We report the first generativ...

C1R suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma cell aggressiveness through promoting HIF-1α degradation and modulating cuproptosis-related protein expression.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently develops in the setting of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, yet the molecular events s...

Practical applications of artificial intelligence in infectious disease surveillance and control: opportunities, challenges, and ethical considerations.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly recognized as a public health tool with applications ranging from epidemiology, pandemi...

Artificial Intelligence and Antimicrobial Stewardship: From Clinical Decision Support to Public Health Action.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to threaten the effectiveness of modern medicine and poses major public health challenges worldwi...

Admission photoplethysmography-based mortality prediction in hospitalized Ugandan children with suspected or confirmed infection: A feasibility study.

Sepsis remains a major cause of preventable pediatric hospital deaths in developing countries, with progress hindered by the lack of effective risk id...

An explainable machine learning model for predicting in-hospital infection in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Infection is a leading cause of mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), yet effective tools for early identification of high-ri...

Dynamic prediction of HIV-related incomplete immune reconstitution: A multicenter, large cohort study using advanced joint modeling.

Incomplete immune reconstitution (IIR) is a serious complication affecting 10 to 40% of people living with HIV (PLWH) despite effective antiretroviral...