Nephrology

PCT-Anchored Machine Learning for Pre-Culture Identification of Gram-Negative Sepsis in Children: A Four-Site Study.

OBJECTIVE: Procalcitonin (PCT) has moderate accuracy for bacteremia detection but is infrequently used in pediatric emergency departments, partly due to poor sensitivity when applied as a standalone threshold and guideline recommendations against its isolated use. We evaluated whether a machine learning (ML) approach that contextualizes PCT with additional clinical features has the potential to im...

Contrastive Machine Learning to Quantify Hypertensive Multiorgan Damage and Identify New Disease Phenotypes: A Multinational Multimodal Study.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension induces structural and functional damage in multiple organs. Evidence of subclinical damage increases risk of vascular events and death but can be difficult to identify in the clinic. We developed a novel machine learning approach that quantifies current hypertension-associated multiorgan damage, mapping progression from health to advanced disease, in a pseudotemporal mann...

Contribution of resting pulse rate to fall risk prediction in patients with glaucoma: a nationwide retrospective study based on an XGBoost model.

BACKGROUND: Falls are among the most common safety concerns in people with visual impairment and can lead to serious consequences, including fractures...

Path beyond the blind end-unravel the imaging spectrum of appendiceal pathologies.

The appendix is involved in a diverse spectrum of inflammatory, infectious, benign, and malignant conditions that extend far beyond acute appendicitis...

From black box to glass box: explainable artificial intelligence for acute kidney injury prediction-a scoping review and the GLASS-AKI translational framework proposal.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence models for acute kidney injury (AKI) prediction achieve strong discriminative accuracy, yet clinical adoption rema...

Phenotyping of pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease using latent class analysis: insights from a national prospective registry.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD) is characterized by substantial prognostic and therapeu...

A machine learning-based framework for predicting hypertension using serum hematological factors.

Hypertension (HTN) is a leading global cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality, underscoring the need for early detection and in...

Interpretable machine learning model for predicting kidney failure among CAKUT children in multicenter large-scale study.

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the leading cause of pediatric kidney failure, but predicting individual progression ...

Carbonyl-Modulated Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital Energy Directs Machine Learning-Assisted Screening of Electrolyte Additives Toward Ultra-Stable Zinc Metal Anodes.

The commercialization of aqueous zinc-ion batteries has long been hindered by side reactions stemming from zinc anode interfacial instability. Organic...

Nanoelectronic Detection of Opioids: Machine Learning-Powered Screening With Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor Sensor Array.

The development of inexpensive, portable, and rapid opioid screening techniques is urgently needed because of the ongoing opioid crisis in the United ...

Hepatic Steatosis Severity Prediction in Nonobese Individuals: Machine Learning Model Development and Validation.

BACKGROUND: Steatotic liver disease affects 40% of nonobese individuals, but existing screening tools inadequately detect and stage disease severity i...

Retinal Microvascular Signatures as Early Predictors of Cardiovascular Risk: Integrating Pathophysiology, Molecular Insights, and Artificial Intelligence.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a significant public health burden and public health emergency in the world, underscoring the importance...

A four-gene signature for diagnosis of acute kidney injury following kidney transplantation.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and severe complication following renal transplantation, largely driven by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Ho...

Polycystin-1 and Cardiac Remodeling: From Mechanotransduction to Clinical Consequences.

PC1 (polycystin-1), traditionally viewed through the lens of renal pathophysiology in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, has emerged as a c...

Sweat-based electrochemical wearable biosensors for sports performance and fatigue monitoring: from laboratory prototypes to field deployment.

Wearable biosensing technologies are advancing sports performance monitoring by enabling the continuous and real-time measurement of physiological and...

A validated custom pipeline for three-dimensional kidney stone renderings tocreate an open access repository.

Three-dimensional (3D) rendering of urologic pathology plays an important role in simulation-based education, surgical training, and computer vision r...

Continuous predictive mortality risk monitoring after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains critical for treating high-risk hematological malignancies like leukemia. Despite advances ...

Multifaceted role of histopathology in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: A narrative review towards precision prognosis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally. Liver transplantation is considered the best curative treatment for selected...

Immunologic clustering of donor-specific antibodies and clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND: Donor-specific antibodies (DSA) against human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are associated with increased immunologic risk in kidney transplant...

Risk stratification for in-hospital mortality in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy: an interpretable, externally validated machine learning study.

Patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) have a high risk of in-hospital mor...