Nuclear Medicine

The Translational Gap in AI for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A TRIPOD+AI Scoping Review of Methodological Barriers to Treatment Deintensification.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To map artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics applications in computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (FDG-PET/CT) for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in the context of human papillomavirus (HPV) status and treatment deintensification, evaluate reporting quality using TRIPOD+AI (T...

Large Language Models Versus Multidisciplinary Tumor Board Decisions in Thyroid Cancer.

OBJECTIVES: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly proposed as clinical decision-support tools; however, their agreement with real-world multidisciplinary tumor board (MDT) decisions remains insufficiently investigated in thyroid oncology. To evaluate the concordance between treatment recommendations generated by ChatGPT 5.2 and Gemini 3.0 and decisions made by a tertiary multidisciplinary ...

PCa Detection in PI-RADS 4 and 5 Lesions: Comparison of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT-Guided Robot-Assisted Biopsy Versus mpMRI Cognitive-Fusion TRUS-Guided Prostate Biopsy.

Lesions with a Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score of 4 or greater on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) indicate a high likelihood of...

Single-Scattered events Imaging in ToF-PET via Machine Learning-Based Classification.

Scattered coincidences are typically rejected in conventional imaging in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) despite carrying potentially useful spatia...

Sinogram-based regularization parameter learning for 2D penalized maximum-likelihood PET image reconstruction.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a molecular imaging technique that creates an image of radiopharmaceutical distribution using acquired sinogram ...

Assessment of elemental decomposition algorithms for particle therapy dose monitoring using positron emission tomography and prompt-gamma imaging.

Accurate dose verification remains a major challenge in particle therapy. Dose monitoring methods such as positron emission tomography (PET) and promp...

Cone Beam Computed Tomography-based Lung Function Imaging using Deep Learning for Functional Image-Guided Adaptative Radiation Therapy.

PURPOSE: Recent studies indicate that lung function can change significantly during radiation therapy (RT) course. However, additional function imagin...

Dual-view scout scans with deep learning for ultra-low dose attenuation correction in PET.

BACKGROUND: Accurate attenuation correction (AC) is essential for quantitative positron emission tomography (PET). Conventional CT-based AC provides r...

Acquisition Time-Specific Deep Learning-Guided Image Quality Restoration in Accelerated I-123 DaTSCAN Brain SPECT on a Ring-Shaped CZT-Based Camera.

Brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging using I-123 DaTSCAN is an effective tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of Parkinson...

Advancements in Pediatric Moyamoya Disease: A Critical Review of Surgical Decision-Making, Outcomes, and Future Directions.

Pediatric moyamoya disease (MMD) is a progressive steno-occlusive arteriopathy that carries a high risk of recurrent ischemic stroke and neurocognitiv...

Multi-task Deep Learning via UNETR for PSMA PET/CT Image for Prostate Cancer: Simultaneous Assessment of Prostate Cancer Disease Burden, Treatment Selection and Survival Outcomes.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) provides rich molecular imaging across the prostate ...

Generative Brain Priors-Driven Self-Regulated and Clinically-Guided Multimodal Fusion for Early Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) require accurate early diagnosis to support timely clinical intervention and disease mana...

Emerging frontiers and challenges of artificial intelligence in PSMA-PET imaging: pioneering a new chapter in prostate cancer care.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) has become pivotal in prostate cancer (PCa) management, offering superior s...

Integrating Environmental Exposure Profiles with Temporal Transcriptomics: An Explainable Machine Learning Model for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction and Biological Validation.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathogenesis is strongly associated with environmental exposures and metabolic factors. This study aimed to i...

Quality and reliability of YouTube videos on PET/CT radiation safety: a comparative analysis between human experts and large language models.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the quality and accuracy of YouTube videos regarding PET/CT radiation safety and to assess the feasibility of using a Large Langu...

A unified solvatochromic-computational-machine-learning approach for solvent property prediction based on iodine color response.

Solvent effects govern the majority of chemical transformations, yet experimentally accessible and universally applicable tools for predicting solvati...

Multimodal artificial intelligence in prostate cancer: integrating multiparametric MRI with clinicopathological, molecular, and functional imaging data.

Multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping prostate cancer imaging by moving beyond MRI-only algorithms toward models that integrate multipa...

Deep Learning-guided Late-Phase Dynamic Frame Prediction for Accelerated Patlak Analysis in 18F-FDG-PET Brain Imaging.

PURPOSE: Dynamic 18F-FDG-PET enables the quantitative assessment of cerebral glucose metabolism but requires prolonged acquisition times, which pose c...

Artificial count enhancement in lung scintigraphy for acquisition acceleration and pseudo-planar generation.

Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) planar scintigraphy remains widely used for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE), despite the reported superior diagnos...

A physics-informed decomposition network for carbon ion radiotherapy dose monitoring: a proof-of-concept study.

In-beam positron emission tomography (PET) provides a promising strategy for dose monitoring in carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT), but accurate dose pred...