Oncology/Hematology

Harnessing the gut microbiota in extra-intestinal cancers: from causal evidence to immunotherapy strategies.

The gut microbiota (GM) has emerged as a key modulator of cancer development and therapeutic response beyond the gastrointestinal tract. In extra-intestinal cancers, GM composition influences oncogenesis, with specific microbial taxa and their metabolites linked to either increased or decreased cancer risk, as highlighted by Mendelian Randomization studies. Beyond cancer initiation, GM plays a cri...

Evaluating the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Multidisciplinary Team Decisions for Breast Cancer Management.

OBJECTIVE: Multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) are essential for optimizing breast cancer treatment, yet the role of general-purpose artificial intelligence (AI), such as ChatGPT, in supporting these teams remains underexplored. This study compared ChatGPT versions 3.5 and 4 with a hospital-based MDT in making treatment and follow-up recommendations, using St. Gallen, European Society for Medical Oncol...

Imaging-Based Prediction of Key Breast Cancer Biomarkers Using Deep Learning on Digital Breast Tomosynthesis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of using deep learning models applied to digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) images for non-invasive prediction ...

Artificial intelligence and radiomics in bladder cancer MRI: a scoping review of applications, performance, and barriers to clinical translation.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics show significant potential to augment bladder cancer (BC) MRI but face a critical translational gap. This s...

Deep learning reconstruction enables accelerated T2-weighted MRI for rectal cancer staging: a prospective study of diagnostic consistency across NEX value reduction.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the image quality, interpretation consistency, and scanning efficiency of deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) algorithm (...

MRI-Based Synthetic CT Shows Promise as a Radiation-Free Alternative to Conventional CT in Orthopaedics.

➢ Computed tomography (CT) remains the gold standard for bone imaging, but radiation risks, especially in children, are driving interest in alternativ...

Thrombopoietin receptor agonists in immune thrombocytopenia: a comparative review of mechanisms, efficacy, and the future of personalized management.

INTRODUCTION: Thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) have reshaped the management of chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) by directly targeting i...

Learning from every patient: the 'outpatient innovation clinic'.

OBJECTIVES: To keep pace with rapid medical innovation, health care must be organized to enable systematic learning from every patient. The 'outpatien...

Negligible impact of perifissural nodules in an AI-first reader workflow from UK lung screening trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of perifissural nodules (PFNs) on radiologist workload within an AI-first reader workflow for lung cancer screening,...

Automated Shoulder Radiograph Quality Review to Support Efficient Workflow in the Emergency Department: The SQUIRE Deep Learning Ensemble.

Suboptimal shoulder radiographs are a persistent challenge, leading to unnecessary radiation exposure, workflow delays, and increased costs from repea...

Predicting the performance of a graphene-based patch antenna using a machine learning model for terahertz applications.

This article presents the design of a graphene-based microstrip patch antenna, operating frequency range: (1-5) THz for terahertz (THz) applications. ...

Explainable AI for gastrointestinal lesion surveillance and precision targeted drug delivery.

The Internet of Bio-NanoThings (IoBNT) promises revolutionary healthcare applications, particularly in targeted drug delivery. However, major challeng...

Severe COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Therapeutics, and Prognostic Models From Nationwide Data.

Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed ongoing clinical and public health challenges worldwide, with Korea providing a unique perspectiv...

TCR recognition of peptide-HLA class II complexes in autoimmunity: Structural insights for therapeutic targeting.

Autoimmune diseases encompass a broad spectrum of disorders in which self-reactive T and B cells breach immune tolerance and drive chronic tissue infl...

Machine learning derived ORC6 as a hub biomarker for predicting tumor microenvironment, prognoses, and therapeutic responses in lung adenocarcinoma.

The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a DNA-binding complex composed of six subunits involved in DNA replication in cancer cells. The prognostic and...

Predicting early clinical recovery in first-episode psychosis: development and external validation of a clinically interpretable multivariable model.

BACKGROUND: Identifying patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) who are unlikely to achieve early clinical recovery (ECR) is critical for personal...

Comparative study of the image quality and radiation dose in paranasal-sinus CT with different tube voltages and reconstruction algorithms.

ObjectivesTo evaluate the application of different tube voltages and image-reconstruction algorithms in paranasal-sinus computed tomography (CT) and o...

A deep learning PET/CT biomarker for early progression (POD24) and survival stratification in follicular lymphoma: a multicenter study.

FTO-CHRM3 axis regulates multiple myeloma progression: a machine learning-based identification.

BACKGROUND: Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) is linked to multiple myeloma (MM) progression, but its action mechanisms are poorly understood. MET...

Comprehensive multi omics profiling and Mendelian randomization assessment of lipid metabolites in lung cancer prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. This study aimed to develop prognostic prediction models for ...