Orthopedics

Decentralized neural dynamics and sensory constraints shape brittle star locomotion.

Brittle stars move with remarkable whole-body coordination despite lacking a central brain. With five identical arms radiating from a central disc, they predominantly adopt a bilaterally symmetrical rowing gait: one arm leads, two neighbouring arms row in synchrony and the remaining arms trail. This raises a puzzle: how does a brainless nervous system generate coherent whole-body gaits, and why do...

Balancing accuracy and efficiency in lumbar spine image segmentation using multi-scale attention and residual learning.

Accurate automated segmentation of Lumbar Spine Structures (LSS) in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is important for effective diagnosis and treatment planning. However, most current methods encounter a trade-off between segmentation precision and computational efficiency. In particular, several methods fall short in modelling the intricate multi-scale anatomical details and subtle boundary trans...

A semantic segmentation model to predict subcellular glycogen localization using transmission electron microscopy images.

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is the gold standard for assessing subcellular glycogen localization in skeletal muscle fibres, but conventiona...

Computer-aided diagnosis system for thoracic computed tomography of rib fractures in older emergency patients: A preliminary study.

The peculiarities of older individuals related to osteoporosis and hyperostosis may lead to a higher rate of misdiagnosis of rib fractures on computed...

EDRNet-based adolescent idiopathic scoliosis screening method using bare-back images.

BACKGROUND: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) affects 2-3% of adolescents. Current screening relies on X-rays, which limits large-scale applicatio...

Multimodal Deep Learning for Predicting Deep Vein Thrombosis Risk After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Clinical Study.

BACKGROUND: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains a major postoperative complication. Conventional risk assessmen...

Hybrid deep learning ensemble model for detecting small to medium rotator cuff tears from shoulder radiographs.

BACKGROUND: Rotator cuff tears (RCTs) represent a common orthopedic condition, the diagnosis of which often requires advanced imaging techniques. Nota...

The AI implementation gap in trauma radiography: standalone versus discretionary AI-integrated fracture detection.

OBJECTIVE: In emergency trauma care, artificial intelligence (AI) may aid fracture detection on radiographs, potentially reducing radiologists' worklo...

Longitudinal patient-reported outcomes after spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: recovery trajectories and insights into surgical timing.

PURPOSE: Health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) assessment provides insight into patient's subjective experiences that complement traditional clinical...

Explainable machine learning on resting-state magnetoencephalography power spectra reveals neural alterations in knee osteoarthritis.

This study aimed to investigate abnormal patterns of resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) power spectra in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KO...

CORR Insights®: Development and Internal Evaluation of EAST-BMS (East Asian Survival Tool for Bone Metastasis Surgery): A Multinational Machine-learning Survival Prediction Model for Patients Undergoing Surgery for Nonspinal Bone Metastasis in East Asia.

Screening disease feature genes and analyzing correlations with immune cell infiltration in knee osteoarthritis chondrocytes based on multiple machine learning algorithms.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to comprehensively analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in chondrocytes from patients with knee osteoarthritis (O...

PREPARE: Personalised Rehabilitation via Novel AI Patient Stratification Strategies. The Case for Idiopathic Scoliosis During Growth.

Drafting an Individual Rehabilitation Project requires precise goal-setting based on functional prognosis. However, patient stratification in rehabili...

Automated Rigo Classification: An Innovative Artificial Intelligence System.

Although there is variation in clinicians' application of the Rigo classification system (RCS) to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, no artificial intel...

Use of Artificial Intelligence in Screening for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Scoping Review.

INTRODUCTION: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) screening remains controversial, particularly regarding its effectiveness and cost-effectiveness i...

Joint-specific measures improve risk adjustment in total knee arthroplasty: A machine learning approach.

PURPOSE: Accurate risk adjustment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is essential for outcome prediction and quality assessment. Most existing predictio...

AI-planned and robotic-assisted pedicle screw placement improves accuracy and reduces loosening in lumbar fusion for patients with low bone mass: a multicenter study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI)-based pedicle screw trajectory planning combined with roboti...

A machine learning AI model for predicting condylar erosion in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders and analyzing factors contributing to prediction.

OBJECTIVES: In temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis, condylar erosion is considered a sign of disease progression. Few studies have clarified the ex...

E2E-OCT: end-to-end joint learning model using optical coherence tomography images for vocal cord leukoplakia diagnosis.

In our previous study, a home-built handheld OCT system was used to collect OCT images in vocal cord leukoplakia. First, 383 valid OCT images were col...

Artificial intelligence for detecting subtle paediatric tibial fractures in children under three years: An analysis of YOLO architectures with convolutional Block attention.

INTRODUCTION: Subtle tibial fractures in children under three are frequently missed, particularly in cases of suspected physical abuse. Early, accurat...