Pathology

Evaluating generative AI models for explainable pathological feature extraction in lung adenocarcinoma grading assessment and prognostic model construction.

BACKGROUND: Given the increasing prevalence of generative AI (GenAI) models, a systematically evaluation of their performance in lung adenocarcinoma histopathological assessment is crucial. This study aimed to evaluate and compare three visual-capable GenAI models (GPT-4o, Claude-3.5-Sonnet, and Gemini-1.5-Pro) for lung adenocarcinoma histological pattern recognition and grading, as well as to exp...

A Benchmark for Virus Infection Reporter Virtual Staining in Fluorescence and Brightfield Microscopy.

Detecting virus-infected cells in light microscopy requires a reporter signal commonly achieved by immunohistochemistry or genetic engineering. While classification-based machine learning approaches to the detection of virus-infected cells have been proposed, their results lack the nuance of a continuous signal. Such a signal can be achieved by virtual staining. Yet, while this technique has been ...

InterpolAI: deep learning-based optical flow interpolation and restoration of biomedical images for improved 3D tissue mapping.

Recent advances in imaging and computation have enabled analysis of large three-dimensional (3D) biological datasets, revealing spatial composition, m...

Operationalizing postmortem pathology-MRI association studies in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders with MRI-guided histology sampling.

Postmortem neuropathological examination, while the gold standard for diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases, often relies on limited regional sampling...

Machine learning algorithms with body fluid parameters: an interpretable framework for malignant cell screening in cerebrospinal fluid.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model utilizing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) body fluid parameters from hema...

Cancer in a drop: Advances in liquid biopsy in 2024.

Over the past decade, liquid biopsy (LB) has emerged as a key tool in oncology. Its utility in non-invasive sampling and real-time monitoring has made...

High burden of premature ventricular contractions upregulates transcriptional markers of inflammation and promotes adverse cardiac remodeling linked to cardiomyopathy.

Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are the most prevalent ventricular arrhythmia in adults. High PVC burden can lead to left ventricular (LV) s...

Computed Tomography-Based Radiomics Diagnostic Model for Fat-Poor Small Renal Tumor Subtypes.

Differentiating histologic subtypes of fat-poor small renal masses using conventional imaging remains difficult due to their overlapping radiologic c...

RETINA: Reconstruction-based pre-trained enhanced TransUNet for electron microscopy segmentation on the CEM500K dataset.

Electron microscopy (EM) has revolutionized our understanding of cellular structures at the nanoscale. Accurate image segmentation is required for ana...

Generating dermatopathology reports from gigapixel whole slide images with HistoGPT.

Histopathology is the reference standard for diagnosing the presence and nature of many diseases, including cancer. However, analyzing tissue samples ...

Tilorone attenuates high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis by enhancing BMP9-Smad1/5/8 signaling.

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is rapidly increasing and is caused by excessive fat deposition in ...

Vessel-Like Microtunnels with Biomimetic Octopus Tentacles for Seizing and Detecting Exosomes to Diagnose Pancreatic Cancer.

Microchip-based exosome analysis has emerged as a promising approach for liquid biopsy in cancer diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognostic evalu...

China Protocol for early screening, precise diagnosis, and individualized treatment of lung cancer.

Early screening, diagnosis, and treatment of lung cancer are pivotal in clinical practice since the tumor stage remains the most dominant factor that ...

Rapid diagnosis of TERT promoter mutation using Terahertz absorption spectroscopy in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor with poor outcomes and limited treatment options. The telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) pr...

Risk Assessment of Oral Leukoplakia by Individual Dysplasia Features.

OBJECTIVES: Malignant transformation (MT) risk assessment in oral leukoplakia (OL) relies on tissue sample and oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) grading...

Improving Breast Cancer Diagnosis in Ultrasound Images Using Deep Learning with Feature Fusion and Attention Mechanism.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Early detection of malignant lesions in ultrasound images is crucial for effective cancer diagnosis and treatment. While tra...

Artificial intelligence in breast pathology: Overview and recent updates.

Breast cancer remains a major global health concern where timely and accurate pathologic diagnosis is critical for effective management. The tradition...

Nomograms versus artificial intelligence platforms: which one can better predict sentinel node positivity in melanoma patients?

Nomograms are commonly used in oncology to assist clinicians in individualized decision-making processes, such as considering sentinel node biopsy (SN...

A Comprehensive Workflow for Imaging Live Insulin Secretion Events and Granules in Intact Islets.

Accurate detection of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells is crucial for understanding normal physiological insulin secretion and its pathoph...

Multiple Instance Learning for the Detection of Lymph Node and Omental Metastases in Carcinoma of the Ovaries, Fallopian Tubes and Peritoneum.

: Surgical pathology of tubo-ovarian and peritoneal cancer carries a well-recognised diagnostic workload, partly due to the large amount of non-primar...