Pathology

Convergence of cryo-electron microscopy and artificial intelligence in integrative structural biology: A critical review of advances, synergies, and implications for molecular biophysics and drug discovery.

Structural biology has entered a period of rapid methodological change defined by the convergence of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven structure prediction. Prior reviews have generally addressed cryo-EM instrumentation or AI structure prediction individually, or their combination primarily from a structural biology or drug discovery perspective; a microsco...

Artificial intelligence in prostate MRI: Comparative diagnostic performance in a high-prevalence cohort.

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in prostate cancer diagnostic workflows but remains insufficiently validated in high-prevalence cohorts often encountered in academic referral centers.PurposeTo compare the diagnostic performance of licensed AI software with routine radiologist readings of prostate MRI, using histopathology as the reference standard.Material and MethodsIn...

Diagnostic performance of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT radiomics-based machine learning models for pancreatic lesion characterisation: Comparison with visual assessment and evaluation of human-radiomics synergy.

PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT-derived radiomics-based machine learning models for differentiating maligna...

Current Treatment Options and Emerging Technologies for Pelvic Bone Tumors: From Limb Salvage to Precision Oncology.

In our practice, the treatment of pelvic bone tumors should begin with a multidisciplinary sarcoma-board evaluation that integrates biopsy-proven hist...

Recent progress in clinical and molecular biological research in rectal serrated lesions.

Colorectal cancer ranks among the most common malignancies worldwide. Rectal serrated lesions represent a significant precancerous condition, accounti...

Developing a Histology-Based Artificial Intelligence Biomarker to Predict Adjuvant Chemotherapy Benefit in Pancreatic Cancer.

PURPOSE: The choice of adjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is mainly guided by patients' general condition. We hypothesiz...

NeuroOmics-Net: An interpretable multimodal deep learning framework for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and progression prediction using neuroimaging, EEG, and genomic data.

Accurate diagnosis and progression prediction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease, which inv...

Multimodal AI in Tissue Diagnostics: Vision-Language Models and the Future of Computational Pathology.

Vision-language models (VLMs) represent an emerging class of multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) systems that integrate visual information with na...

Automated detection of Eimeria tenella from hematoxylin and eosin-stained chicken cecal tissues using YOLOv4-based deep learning: A proof-of-concept study.

Avian coccidiosis is a disease primarily characterized by diarrhea caused by intestinal infection with protozoa of the genus Eimeria, causing signific...

Deep Learning for Localization Microscopy in 2D and 3D.

ConspectusSuper-resolution microscopy has fundamentally transformed our ability to observe biological structures, allowing nanoscale observation into ...

Prediction and Experimental Verification of Electrolyte Solvation Structure from an OMol25-Trained Interatomic Potential.

A molecular-level understanding of electrolyte solvation structure and ion-ion correlations is critical to developing next-generation battery chemistr...

The High-Intensity Zone: A Dynamic Inflammatory Hub in Lumbar Disc Degeneration.

The lumbar intervertebral disc high-intensity zone (HIZ), a focal hyperintensity within the annulus fibrosus on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging...

De Novo-Designed Peptide-Engineered Multimodal Platform for Post-Ischemic Stroke Tissue Repair.

Orchestrating tissue regeneration in complex pathologies like post-ischemic stroke requires materials that can precisely regulate multiple signaling p...

AI-assisted diagnosis of nail unit melanoma and melanonychia using a clinical deep learning model.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nail unit melanoma (NUM) is a rare but potentially fatal malignancy often misdiagnosed as melanonychia. Because biopsy may ...

Beyond FDG: a paradigm shift in precision localization of epileptogenic zones in refractory epilepsy using multimodal molecular imaging (PET/CT) and isotropic 3D MRI fusion.

Surgical resection for drug-resistant focal epilepsy relies on the precise presurgical localization of the epileptogenic zone (EZ). Although [1⁸F]FDG-...

The Value of Deep Learning in Differentiating Thyroid Adenomatoid Nodules on Ultrasound: A Dual-Center Study.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Follicular neoplasms are difficult to classify by ultrasound, as they often present as thyroid adenomatoid nodules (TANU). F...

Artificial Intelligence in Forensic Sciences: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research Trends (2000-2024).

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have begun to be used more frequently in forensic sciences, just as in every other field of medicine, and ha...

Artificial Intelligence and Generative Models in Hepatology: From Large Language Models to Digital Pathology in Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment.

Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly foundation and generative models, is reshaping the practice of hepatology through enhanced knowledge synthe...

Optical coherence tomography of the tympanic membrane and middle ear: clinical applications.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive optical imaging technique to image soft tissue and thin bony structures with hi...

Integrated spatially guided transcriptomics and multiplex imaging identify a high-risk CD163+/CD11c-subgroup in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Emerging data identify infiltrating immune cells in diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as prognostic biomarkers with tentative implications for the...