Pathology

Apparent diffusion coefficient radiomics for differentiating benign and malignant PI-RADS 3-5 prostate lesions: external validation.

PURPOSE: To develop and externally validate a simplified apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)-based MRI radiomics model for differentiating benign and malignant Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 3-5 lesions and assess its incremental value beyond clinical predictors. METHODS: This retrospective multicenter study included 340 patients assigned to training (n = 182), internal test...

Patient-Derived Organoid and Single-Cell Multiomics Reveal Evolution Driven by CEACAM6/KRT19-Mediated Heterogeneity.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality globally, with therapeutic efficacy hindered by tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance. While organoid technology offers unprecedented opportunities to model tumor complexity, systematic platforms for chemo-targeted combination screening and molecular mechanisms underlying chemoresistance remain underexplored in Chinese populatio...

Non-Destructive Assessment of Dentin Composite Bond Integrity using Laser Speckle Imaging and Machine Learning Regression.

PURPOSE: Accurate evaluation of dentin-composite bond integrity is essential for predicting the longevity of resin-based restorations. However, conven...

Artificial intelligence-based detection of small and intermediate-to-large lymphocytes for cytologic diagnosis of canine lymphoma.

Lymphoma is a common cancer in dogs, which often presents as generalized peripheral lymphadenopathy. Fine needle aspiration is frequently used to inve...

Multi-omics, machine learning, and molecular simulation identify CD44 as a candidate target in endocrine-disrupting chemical-associated thyroid cancer progression.

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are widely present in the environment and consumer products and may disturb thyroid hormone homeostasis. However...

Clinical and Metabolomic Panel for Noninvasive Screening of Biopsy-Confirmed MASH in Children and Adolescents.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Noninvasive tests to identify pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remain a critical need. We aimed to...

Advancing hirschsprung disease diagnosis: a systematic review of the development and application of artificial intelligence in histopathological analysis.

Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is characterised by absence of ganglion cells in the distal large intestine, requiring accurate histopathological diagnosi...

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Disease.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming thyroid care, with applications spanning ultrasound risk stratification, cytopathology, histopathology, r...

Pooled two-cohort MRI body composition phenotyping with open-source deep learning.

BACKGROUND: Body mass index fails to capture variation in fat and muscle distribution that determines metabolic health and disease risk. MRI enables r...

Early Retinal UCHL1 Dysregulation Coupled With Synaptic Loss Reflects Alzheimer's Disease Severity.

Synaptic dysfunction is a major driver of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet its extent and molecular basis in the retina remain poorl...

Sodium Danshensu Attenuates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing STAT3-Driven Cytokine Signaling and Apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the renoprotective effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of sodium danshensu (SDSS) in renal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) i...

Seeing clearly without your lenses: digital holographic microscopy analysis of blood culture Gram stains.

While automation and digital imaging technologies are now available for setup and workup of microbiology cultures, specimen Gram stain reading is stil...

Non-invasive detection and monitoring of oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders: an umbrella review on diagnostic accuracy.

OBJECTIVES: Various non-invasive diagnostic techniques have been developed and assessed to improve early detection and monitoring of oral squamous cel...

Robot-assisted biopsy a bibliometric analysis of global trends, hotspots, and emerging frontiers (2000-2025).

Robot-assisted biopsy techniques achieve precise minimally invasive sampling of deep-seated and anatomically complex lesions through stable robotic ma...

Lactylation-related immune-metabolic dysregulation defines prognostic and therapeutic stratification in lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Lactylation links lactate metabolism with inflammatory signaling and immune regulation in tumors. However, its cellular distribution and t...

Differential Diagnosis of Asthma and COPD: Established and Emerging Biomarkers and Technologies.

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represent the two most prevalent chronic respiratory conditions worldwide, affecting hundreds ...

Integration of closed-loop fully-automated AI model with clinician assessment for lung nodule stratification: A multi-reader study.

BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT)-based artificial intelligence (AI) risk models improve malignancy prediction, but their incremental value when in...

PCMamba: Integrating partial convolution and state space models for lung cancer histopathological image classification.

Accurate classification of lung cancer histopathological images is essential for diagnosis and treatment planning, yet existing approaches face challe...

Multiparametric MRI-derived Interpretable Habitat Radiomics for Preoperative Assessment of Tumor Budding Status in Breast Cancer.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Breast cancer exhibits high biological heterogeneity and variable invasion patterns. Tumor budding (TB) is a key histopathol...

Immunohistochemistry-assisted deep learning for lineage identification in rat bone marrow from hematoxylin and eosin whole-slide images.

The analysis of hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained bone marrow (BM) tissue sections in drug development toxicologic pathology studies is a key step in...