Pneumonia

AI-based chest X-ray prioritization in the lung cancer diagnostic pathway: the LungIMPACT randomized controlled trial.

Prioritizing artificial intelligence (AI)-detected imaging findings may reduce the time to diagnosis of lung cancer. This prospective, multicentre, randomized controlled trial tested whether immediate AI prioritization of primary care-requested chest X-rays (CXR) influenced time to computed tomography (CT) and lung cancer diagnosis, the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included the number of u...

Optimising pandemic response through vaccination strategies using neural networks.

Epidemic risk assessment poses inherent challenges, with traditional approaches often failing to balance health outcomes and economic constraints. This paper presents a data-driven decision support tool that models epidemiological dynamics and optimises vaccination strategies to control disease spread while minimising economic losses. The proposed economic-epidemiological framework comprises three...

Overall risk of cancer incidence attributable to adult body CT examinations: impact of a seven-year continuous quality improvement program.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the impact of a continuous dose reduction and quality improvement program on radiation-induced cancer risk in adult computed t...

Protective holobiome promotes strawberry tolerance of biotic stresses.

The commercial cultivation of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is increasingly challenged by biotic stresses such as plant pathogens and insect pests,...

Comparative diagnostic performance of machine learning models and traditional scores for HFpEF in older adults.

AIMS: Diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains challenging, particularly in older individuals. We hypothesized that m...

Environmental supportiveness, physical activity, and sedentary time in children with cerebral palsy.

AIM: To describe how movement behaviours (sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) and parent...

DynMoCo: a Novel AI Framework to Reveal Modular Substructures of Protein From Molecular Dynamics.

Proteins are dynamic molecular machines whose functions are determined by their structures. While static structures can offer initial insights or hypo...

Participatory-informed preference optimization (PiPrO): A reinforcement learning simulation study.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformative potential in public health, but its impact is limited by models that implicitly prioritize a single st...

Genomic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 delta variants pre- and post-omicron emergence using alignment-free machine learning models.

The SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant (B.1.617.2), initially classified as a variant of concern due to its enhanced transmissibility and vaccine-escape mutatio...

Predicting Fall Risk in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Using a Fine-Tuned Quantized Large Language Model.

Computerized posturography has been employed to quantify an individual's intrinsic balance control under varying stances, thereby presenting the poten...

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning-Based Nomogram for Predicting Severe Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

BACKGROUND Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a life-threatening opportunistic infection in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Early identifi...

Med-ViX-Ray: Enhancing explainable chest X-ray analysis with clinical knowledge graphs.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in chest x-ray interpretation, yet most models remain black boxes, producing a...

Machine learning and the role of the vaginal and fecal microbiome in miscarriage: a matched case-control study.

Miscarriage occurs in approximately 15% of all pregnancies, and recent studies have suggested a potential role of the microbiome. A nested case-contro...

Artificial intelligence-based chest X-ray (AI-CXR) and hematology parameters to predict mortality and intubation events In COVID-19 patients at the second-referral hospital in Indonesia.

Enhanced pneumonia prognosis via a hybrid deep learning ensemble: Dense Net, Efficient Net, and VGG16 integration.

Pneumonia, a prevalent and potentially life-threatening lung infection, requires rapid and precise diagnosis for effective treatment. Conventional cli...

Identifying Temporal Drivers for Microbial Community Assembly in Wastewater Treatment by Stochastic Physics-Informed Deep Learning Based on Limited-View and Sparsely Sampled Data.

Microbial community assembly (MCA) is the key to biological wastewater treatment by dynamically shaping the functional populations responsible for pol...

Spatiotemporal clustering of state-level opioid, opioid-stimulant, and opioid-benzodiazepine polysubstance deaths across the U.S.: Hierarchical agglomerative clustering analysis.

BACKGROUND: Polysubstance use continues to complicate the US overdose landscape, with over 107,000 lives lost to drug overdoses in 2022. The present s...

Predictive proteomics: Binary classification of Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine types via MALDI-TOF MS and supervised learning algorithms.

INTRODUCTION: Laboratory surveillance of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes is crucial for the effective implementation of vaccines against invasive p...

Integrated reiterative pipeline for rapid epitope-based pan-alphavirus vaccines.

The vast diversity of the virosphere underscores the need for rapid, adaptable vaccine development infrastructures. Arthropod-borne zoonotic alphaviru...

Large-scale modeling for housing condition prediction using machine learning algorithms.

While housing price prediction is well-studied, the prediction of large-scale housing conditions remains underexplored due to data limitations. This p...