Pulmonology

Hybrid deep learning and YAMNet features for asthma diagnosis from respiratory sounds.

A prompt and precise diagnosis is necessary to lessen the worldwide burden of asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition. Spirometry is one of the resource-intensive conventional methods that frequently misclassifies cases because of overlapping symptoms with other respiratory illnesses. The Asthma Detection Dataset v2, which is openly accessible and comprises actual audio recordings of respir...

An agentic framework for autonomous scientific discovery in cancer pathology.

Artificial intelligence has advanced cancer pathology, but many systems still depend on hand-crafted features, are hard to explain and rely on fragmented workflows. We introduce SPARK (System of Pathology Agents for Research and Knowledge), a foundational agentic artificial intelligence approach that uses language as a universal interface to autonomously generate biologically driven concepts for t...

The role of mechanical power in lung ventilation for the prevention of ventilator-induced lung injury: a narrative review.

Ventilator-induced lung injury continues to limit outcomes in patients with acute respiratory failure despite established lung-protective strategies.M...

A cross-sectional protocol for experimental tongue high-density surface electromyography to detect and classify radiation-associated hypoglossal neuropathy.

BACKGROUND: Hypoglossal neuropathy is the most common lower cranial neuropathy detected as a delayed sequelae of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) -driven or...

Therapeutic targeting of Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Current pharmacological options and future directions in antiviral development.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a major cause of severe acute respiratory infections across the life course, particularly in infants, older ...

The effects of fatigue on the relation between ocular pursuit and interceptive performance in soccer experts.

Accuracy and duration of ocular pursuit of a target object have been linked to interceptive performance. Yet, previous assessments have not examined t...

DFCNet: A Precise Detection Approach for Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Events Using Airflow and Respiratory Effort Signals.

OBJECTIVE: The diagnosis of Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (SAHS) holds significant importance for assessing sleep quality and treating sleep disorders...

Data-Efficient Language Model for Assessing Pulmonary Embolism Diagnostic Certainty From Radiology Reports: Model Development and Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the standard imaging modality for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE), but diagnostic u...

Evaluation of AI-Driven Automatic Segmentation Algorithms for Lung Shunt Fraction Estimation in 90Y-Labeled Microsphere Therapy.

90Y-labeled microsphere (90Y-microsphere) hepatic arterial radioembolization is a direct treatment for hepatic neoplasms. Before therapy, the fraction...

MIMIC-III-Ext-PPG, a PPG-based Benchmark Dataset for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Signal Analysis.

We present MIMIC-III-Ext-PPG, a large-scale, quality-assessed photoplethysmography (PPG) dataset derived from the matched waveform subset of MIMIC-III...

Stacked CT radiomics, deep learning and clinical feature models for differentiating benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules.

External validation of ECG artificial intelligence for emergency and cardiac assessment across a large-scale U.S. healthcare system.

An ECG-based artificial intelligence (AI) model was previously developed to generate ten digital biomarkers for emergency and cardiac assessment and i...

Structural determinants of pulmonary diffusing capacity identified by network analysis and machine learning on quantitative CT.

Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) reflects pulmonary gas exchange efficiency, but its measurement and interpretation remain challenging du...

The ubiquitin ligase FBXW7 regulates epithelial pyroptosis in severe asthma.

BACKGROUND: Severe asthma is characterized by persistent airway inflammation and epithelial injury. Pyroptosis, a Caspase-1-dependent inflammatory cel...

Accurate profiling of single-cell alternative transcript start sites by correcting RNA degradation.

The generation of transcript variants via alternative utilisation of transcription start sites (TSSs) is a pivotal regulatory mechanism in physiologic...

Risk prediction models for imported infectious diseases: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: Accurate prediction models for imported infectious diseases are essential for early warning, cross-border surveillance, and resource alloc...

Exploration of ferroptosis-related biomarkers and regulatory mechanisms in two diseases (sarcopenia and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) based on transcriptome and machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia (SP) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are debilitating diseases, but share ferroptosis-related biomarkers and their regu...

Automated Detection of Pediatric Pneumonia via Clinically Driven AI Analysis of Lung Ultrasound.

Lung ultrasound (LUS) is increasingly utilized for diagnosing pediatric pneumonia due to its bedside accessibility, radiation-free nature, and high di...

Ensemble localized patch residual convolution neural networks for pneumonia detection using chest X-ray.

Prospective genomic and epidemiologic surveillance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary NICU.

BACKGROUND: Klebsiella pneumoniae complex (Kp) is a relevant neonatal pathogen colonizing preterm infants. While outbreak investigations often focus o...