Universal precautions

Ventricular volume adjustment of brain regions depicts brain changes associated with HIV infection and aging better than intracranial volume adjustment.

INTRODUCTION: While the adjustment of intracranial volume (ICV) is reported to have a significant influence in the outcomes of the analyses of brain structural measures, our study offers a paradigm shift, positing that adjusting for lateral ventricle (LV) inter-individual variability may reveal more atrophic patterns that might be overlooked in analyses without this adjustment,-and such LV-adjuste...

Dual-stream interactive networks with pearson-mask awareness for multivariate time series forecasting.

Multivariate time series forecasting (MTSF) aims to predict time series data containing multiple variates, which requires the consideration of both intra-series temporal trends and inter-series interactions. Benefiting from the success of Transformers in computer vision and natural language processing, recently, many time series models are based on the Transformer architecture to reveal intra-seri...

Comparison of mask R-CNN and YOLOv8-seg for improved monitoring of the PCB surface during laser cleaning.

Potting compounds and coatings protect electronic components in harsh environments, requiring careful removal for recycling or repair. This study intr...

AI-enhanced telemedicine for personalized antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients with neurological comorbidities: a narrative review.

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), while now manageable as a chronic health condition with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), ...

Celluloepidemiology-A paradigm for quantifying infectious disease dynamics on a population level.

To complement serology as a tool in public health interventions, we introduced the "celluloepidemiology" paradigm where we leveraged pathogen-specific...

Triaging Clients at Risk of Disengagement from HIV Care: Application of a Predictive Model to Clinical Trial Data in South Africa.

PURPOSE: To reach South Africa's targets for HIV treatment and viral suppression, retention on antiretroviral therapy (ART) must increase. Here, we ai...

SARS-CoV-2: lessons in virus mutation prediction and pandemic preparedness.

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted an unprecedented global response. In particular, extraordinary efforts have been dedicated toward monitoring and pr...

Secretions Induce Shifts in Macrolactin Composition and Reduction in Antimicrobial Activity of BNC5.

, a pathogen causing bacterial wilt, threatens global crop production, necessitating sustainable biocontrol solutions. is a promising biocontrol agen...

Selected comorbidities and the probability of ART switch in PWH with undetectable HIV-RNA: a retrospective analysis in Italy.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the incidence of comorbidities in persons with HIV (PWH) with a stable viral load (VL) of ≤50 copies/mL and evaluate the likel...

Efficacy of laryngeal mask epinephrine in neonatal resuscitation; an ovine study.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) epinephrine during neonatal resuscitation has not been studied. We hypothesize that LMA epinep...

Percutaneous Endoscopic Debridement and Drainage as a First-Line Diagnosis and Management Intervention for Spondylodiscitis: A Novel Treatment Algorithm.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Spondylodiscitis (SD) is an infection of the intervertebral disk. In the nonseptic, MRI-positive patient without focal defi...

Anti-HBs persistence and anamnestic response among medical interns vaccinated in infancy.

Medical interns are at high risk of acquiring Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection during their training. HBV vaccination is the most effective measure t...

HIV-1 suppression and rare dolutegravir resistance in antiretroviral-experienced people with HIV in Liberia.

BACKGROUND: Increasingly, persons with HIV in Liberia are receiving antiretroviral therapy containing the integrase strand-transfer inhibitor (InSTI) ...

Simultaneous initiation of dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy and once-weekly rifapentine and isoniazid for tuberculosis prevention in antiretroviral-naive people with HIV: an open-label, non-randomised, phase 1/2 trial.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis preventive treatment with 3 months of once-weekly isoniazid (900 mg) and rifapentine (900 mg; 3HP) is a recommended option fo...

Technical validation of a multiplex real-time PCR for combined detection of Rift Valley fever, chikungunya, Zika and dengue viruses.

Several arthropod-borne (arbo)-viruses have overlapping symptoms, insect vectors and geographical occurrence. With little known about the importance o...

Lifestyle modification programme for people living with HIV with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease among people living with HIV, a...

Machine Learning for Personalised Risk Assessment of HIV, Syphilis, Gonorrhoea, and Chlamydia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Machine learning (ML) shows promise for sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk prediction, but systematic evidence of its effectiveness...

Use of polyethylene glycol precipitation and ultracentrifugation to enhance the sensitivity of hepatitis B virus DNA detection.

BACKGROUND: Sensitive molecular detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA is crucial for diagnosing and managing occult hepatitis. To improve the sensi...

Predictive survival modelings for HIV-related cryptococcosis: comparing machine learning approaches.

INTRODUCTION: HIV-associated cryptococcosis is marked by unpredictable disease trajectories and persistently high mortality rates worldwide. Although ...

The future of HIV diagnostics: an exemplar in infectious diseases.

Over the past 40 years, diagnostics have become the backbone of HIV prevention, treatment, and retention in care, and are central to the achievement o...