Urology

Preliminary evaluation of an AI-enhanced simulated interprofessional learning intervention for pharmacy students: a mixed-methods pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Interprofessional education (IPE) is vital for preparing pharmacy students for collaborative practice but is often constrained by logistical challenges. This study examined the preliminary impact of an AI-enhanced simulated interprofessional learning intervention on pharmacy students' self-reported interprofessional competencies and perceived readiness for AI use in healthcare, using a...

Development and interpretability of a machine learning-derived model for the identification of latent prostate cancer in patients initially diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is characterized by pronounced intratumoral heterogeneity and multifocality, presenting ongoing challenges for early and precise diagnosis. In clinical practice, a substantial proportion of patients initially diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are subsequently found to harbor latent PCa during follow-up. However, current prostate-specific antigen (P...

An explainable predictive machine learning model of oxaliplatin induced peripheral neuropathy based on clinical data: a retrospective single center.

BACKGROUND: Oxaliplatin (OXA) is widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies such as colorectal cancer. However, oxaliplatin-induced...

Knowledge-based treatment planning in breast cancer radiotherapy: comparing different machine learning algorithms.

Knowledge-based planning (KBP) has emerged as a promising approach to improve the consistency and efficiency of radiotherapy by utilizing prior clinic...

Predicting 5-Year Mortality in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Using the Korean Central Cancer Registry: Model Development and Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common cancers and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, making prognostic pr...

Combining artificial intelligence analysis with expert mammogram reading: Determining the optimal AI positivity cut-off point for the French population-based breast cancer screening program.

PURPOSE: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly explored as a complement to radiologists in population-based breast cancer screening, yet optima...

The atlas of abdominal organ remodeling in hepatocellular carcinoma patients: An artificial intelligence-based multicenter imaging study.

BACKGROUND: Morphological changes of abdominal organs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain uncharacterized. This study aimed to automatically quan...

Impact of glycosylation position on flavonoid isomers' inhibition of breast cancer-associated enzyme CYP1B1.

Isomerism in natural flavonoids critically influences enzyme inhibitory activity, particularly toward cytochrome P450 enzymes. Mangiferin and isomangi...

Comment on "Machine learning model for predicting interfraction motion of the seminal vesicles in prostate cancer radiotherapy".

Performance of large language models in urological decision support: a guideline-based comparative evaluation in urolithiasis.

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly investigated for their potential role in guideline-based clinical information support. However, their co...

Deep learning reconstruction improves appendix visualization on pediatric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): a single-center experience.

BACKGROUND: Thin-slice MRI may improve appendix visualization in children with suspected appendicitis, but reducing slice thickness decreases signal-t...

A simple morphometric algorithm based on nuclear atypia features of invasive breast carcinoma: relationship with nuclear grade, Ki-67 level, and hormone receptor status.

Background With the widespread availability of whole-slide imaging, many studies have utilized digital images of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained b...

Development and internal validation of a clinical prediction model for hemodialysis-related headache using LASSO and Boruta feature selection.

A common neurological symptom in dialysis patients is hemodialysis-related headache (HRH), which can result in premature hemodialysis termination and ...

Association of the CHG Index with the onset, progression, and prognosis of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: findings from two large prospective cohorts.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome represents a composite disease state driven by glucose and lipid metabolic dysregulation. T...

[18F] PSMA-3Q PET/CT radiomics at 45% SUVmax threshold: predicting post-surgical ISUP grade ≥ 4 and extraprostatic extension for noninvasive stratification in prostate cancer management.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate radiomic features extracted from [18F] PSMA-3Q PET/CT using 40%, 45%, and 50% SUVmax thresholds for their abilit...

Clinical investigation of a digital biomarker for joint swelling in inflammatory arthritis based on automated quantification of dorsal finger fold patterns.

This study aimed to clinically evaluate a digital biomarker, the Finger Fold Index (FFI), derived from the ratio of joint diameter to finger fold surf...

Predicting and explaining poor prognosis in diabetic kidney disease using SHAP-based interpretable machine learning.

Prognostic assessment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is essential for personalized management. This study developed eight machine learning models us...

Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Prediction of Abiraterone Efficacy in Two STAMPEDE Phase 3 Trials of Non-Metastatic Very High-Risk Prostate Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Long-term androgen deprivation therapy (LT-ADT) with radiotherapy is standard-of-care for high-risk localized prostate cancer, with abirat...

Predictive modeling of urinary 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in metal workers: A comparative study of machine learning algorithms in toxicology.

Urinary 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker for oxidative DNA damage, is commonly used to assess the repair of reactive oxygen species (...

AI Chatbot Answers for Drug Dosing Adjustments According to Renal Function in Geriatric Patients Using the New Scoring System (AI Quality Output Score): Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Preventable adverse drug reactions in geriatric patients are caused by overdosing, especially in cases of impaired renal function. Artific...