AIMC Topic: Child

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The State of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Journal of pediatric surgery
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been recently shown to improve clinical workflows and outcomes - yet its potential in pediatric surgery remains largely unexplored. This systematic review details the use of AI in pediatric surgery.

Deep learning segmentation of peri-sinus structures from structural magnetic resonance imaging: validation and normative ranges across the adult lifespan.

Fluids and barriers of the CNS
BACKGROUND: Peri-sinus structures such as arachnoid granulations (AG) and the parasagittal dural (PSD) space have gained much recent attention as sites of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) egress and neuroimmune surveillance. Neurofluid circulation dysfunc...

Atrial Septal Defect Detection in Children Based on Ultrasound Video Using Multiple Instances Learning.

Journal of imaging informatics in medicine
Thoracic echocardiography (TTE) can provide sufficient cardiac structure information, evaluate hemodynamics and cardiac function, and is an effective method for atrial septal defect (ASD) examination. This paper aims to study a deep learning method b...

Inconsistency between Human Observation and Deep Learning Models: Assessing Validity of Postmortem Computed Tomography Diagnosis of Drowning.

Journal of imaging informatics in medicine
Drowning diagnosis is a complicated process in the autopsy, even with the assistance of autopsy imaging and the on-site information from where the body was found. Previous studies have developed well-performed deep learning (DL) models for drowning d...

An artificial intelligence-driven predictive model for pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using clinical variables.

European journal of haematology
BACKGROUND: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a procedure with high morbidity and mortality. Identifying patients for maximum benefit and risk assessment is crucial in the decision-making process. This has led to the development of pr...

Challenging the Chatbot: An Assessment of ChatGPT's Diagnoses and Recommendations for DBP Case Studies.

Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP
OBJECTIVE: Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer-3.5 (ChatGPT) is a publicly available and free artificial intelligence chatbot that logs billions of visits per day; parents may rely on such tools for developmental and behavioral medical consultatio...

Comparing the Quality of Domain-Specific Versus General Language Models for Artificial Intelligence-Generated Differential Diagnoses in PICU Patients.

Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies
OBJECTIVES: Generative language models (LMs) are being evaluated in a variety of tasks in healthcare, but pediatric critical care studies are scant. Our objective was to evaluate the utility of generative LMs in the pediatric critical care setting an...

Spatial relation categorization in infants and deep neural networks.

Cognition
Spatial relations, such as above, below, between, and containment, are important mediators in children's understanding of the world (Piaget, 1954). The development of these relational categories in infancy has been extensively studied (Quinn, 2003) y...

Prediction of emergency department revisits among child and youth mental health outpatients using deep learning techniques.

BMC medical informatics and decision making
BACKGROUND: The proportion of Canadian youth seeking mental health support from an emergency department (ED) has risen in recent years. As EDs typically address urgent mental health crises, revisiting an ED may represent unmet mental health needs. Ac...

White matter diffusion estimates in obsessive-compulsive disorder across 1653 individuals: machine learning findings from the ENIGMA OCD Working Group.

Molecular psychiatry
White matter pathways, typically studied with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), have been implicated in the neurobiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, due to limited sample sizes and the predominance of single-site studies, the gener...