AI Medical Compendium Topic

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Early Detection of Cancer

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Cost-Effectiveness of AI for Risk-Stratified Breast Cancer Screening.

JAMA network open
IMPORTANCE: Previous research has shown good discrimination of short-term risk using an artificial intelligence (AI) risk prediction model (Mirai). However, no studies have been undertaken to evaluate whether this might translate into economic gains.

Exploiting histopathological imaging for early detection of lung and colon cancer via ensemble deep learning model.

Scientific reports
Cancer seems to have a vast number of deaths due to its heterogeneity, aggressiveness, and significant propensity for metastasis. The predominant categories of cancer that may affect males and females and occur worldwide are colon and lung cancer. A ...

Comparison of AI-integrated pathways with human-AI interaction in population mammographic screening for breast cancer.

Nature communications
Artificial intelligence (AI) readers of mammograms compare favourably to individual radiologists in detecting breast cancer. However, AI readers cannot perform at the level of multi-reader systems used by screening programs in countries such as Austr...

Application of artificial intelligence in lung cancer screening: A real-world study in a Chinese physical examination population.

Thoracic cancer
BACKGROUND: With the rapid increase of chest computed tomography (CT) images, the workload faced by radiologists has increased dramatically. It is undeniable that the use of artificial intelligence (AI) image-assisted diagnosis system in clinical tre...

Early detection of pancreatic cancer by comprehensive serum miRNA sequencing with automated machine learning.

British journal of cancer
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer is often diagnosed at advanced stages, and early-stage diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is difficult because of nonspecific symptoms and lack of available biomarkers.

Enhancing cervical cancer cytology screening via artificial intelligence innovation.

Scientific reports
A double-check process helps prevent errors and ensures quality control. However, it may lead to decreased personal accountability, reduced effort, and declining quality checks. Introducing an artificial intelligence (AI)-based system in such scenari...

Polyp detection with colonoscopy assisted by the GI Genius artificial intelligence endoscopy module compared with standard colonoscopy in routine colonoscopy practice (COLO-DETECT): a multicentre, open-label, parallel-arm, pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology
BACKGROUND: Increased polyp detection during colonoscopy is associated with decreased post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. The COLO-DETECT trial aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of the GI Genius intelligent endoscopy ...

Simulated arbitration of discordance between radiologists and artificial intelligence interpretation of breast cancer screening mammograms.

Journal of medical screening
Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have been retrospectively evaluated as replacement for one radiologist in screening mammography double-reading; however, methods for resolving discordance between radiologists and AI in the absence of 'real-wor...

Breast histopathological imaging using ultra-fast fluorescence confocal microscopy to identify cancer lesions at early stage.

Microscopy research and technique
Ultrafast fluorescent confocal microscopy is a hypothetical approach for breast cancer detection because of its potential to achieve instantaneous, high-resolution images of cellular-level tissue features. Traditional approaches such as mammography a...

A lightweight intelligent laryngeal cancer detection system for rural areas.

American journal of otolaryngology
OBJECTIVE: Early diagnosis of laryngeal cancer (LC) is crucial, particularly in rural areas. Despite existing studies on deep learning models for LC identification, challenges remain in selecting suitable models for rural areas with shortages of lary...