AIMC Topic: Humans

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Rule ensemble method with adaptive group lasso for heterogeneous treatment effect estimation.

Statistics in medicine
The increasing scientific attention given to precision medicine based on real-world data has led to many recent studies clarifying the relationships between treatment effects and patient characteristics. However, this is challenging because of ubiqui...

A deep learning approach for radiological detection and classification of radicular cysts and periapical granulomas.

Journal of dentistry
OBJECTIVES: Dentists and oral surgeons often face difficulties distinguishing between radicular cysts and periapical granulomas on panoramic imaging. Radicular cysts require surgical removal while root canal treatment is the first-line treatment for ...

Controversies and strengths of robot-assisted mastectomy.

European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP)
Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) is used to improve cosmetic outcomes while maintaining oncological safety in patients with early breast cancer; however, NSM requires a higher level of skill and workload than mastectomy and is associated with long, vi...

LGTRL-DE: Local and Global Temporal Representation Learning with Demographic Embedding for in-hospital mortality prediction.

Journal of biomedical informatics
Predicting the patient's in-hospital mortality from the historical Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) can assist physicians to make clinical decisions and assign medical resources. In recent years, researchers proposed many deep learning methods to pr...

Robotic-assisted gynecologic surgery in an older population: A comparison study.

Journal of geriatric oncology
INTRODUCTION: Robotic-assisted surgery in select patients has been shown to result in less peri-operative morbidity. Few studies have explored the association of robotic-assisted gynecology oncology surgery complication rates and increasing age. Our ...

Deep learning-based scoring of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes is prognostic in primary melanoma and predictive to PD-1 checkpoint inhibition in melanoma metastases.

EBioMedicine
BACKGROUND: Recent advances in digital pathology have enabled accurate and standardised enumeration of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Here, we aim to evaluate TILs as a percentage electronic TIL score (eTILs) and investigate its prognostic a...

Incremental retraining, clinical implementation, and acceptance rate of deep learning auto-segmentation for male pelvis in a multiuser environment.

Medical physics
BACKGROUND: Deep learning auto-segmentation (DLAS) models have been adopted in the clinic; however, they suffer from performance deterioration owing to the clinical practice variability. Some commercial DLAS software provide an incremental retraining...

Health system-scale language models are all-purpose prediction engines.

Nature
Physicians make critical time-constrained decisions every day. Clinical predictive models can help physicians and administrators make decisions by forecasting clinical and operational events. Existing structured data-based clinical predictive models ...

Deep learning for pneumothorax diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society
BACKGROUND: Deep learning (DL), a subset of artificial intelligence (AI), has been applied to pneumothorax diagnosis to aid physician diagnosis, but no meta-analysis has been performed.