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Microsomes, Liver

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Human and rat microsomal metabolites of N-tert-butoxycarbonylmethamphetamine and its urinary metabolites in rat.

Forensic toxicology
PURPOSE: N-tert-Butoxycarbonylmethamphetamine (BocMA), a masked derivative of methamphetamine (MA), converts into MA under acidic condition and potentially acts as a precursor to MA following ingestion. To investigate the metabolism and excretion of ...

Deep learning enables rapid identification of potent DDR1 kinase inhibitors.

Nature biotechnology
We have developed a deep generative model, generative tensorial reinforcement learning (GENTRL), for de novo small-molecule design. GENTRL optimizes synthetic feasibility, novelty, and biological activity. We used GENTRL to discover potent inhibitors...

The Metabolic Rainbow: Deep Learning Phase I Metabolism in Five Colors.

Journal of chemical information and modeling
Metabolism of drugs affects their absorption, distribution, efficacy, excretion, and toxicity profiles. Metabolism is routinely assessed experimentally using recombinant enzymes, human liver microsome, and animal models. Unfortunately, these experime...

Transfer learning enables prediction of CYP2D6 haplotype function.

PLoS computational biology
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) is a highly polymorphic gene whose protein product metabolizes more than 20% of clinically used drugs. Genetic variations in CYP2D6 are responsible for interindividual heterogeneity in drug response that can lead to drug ...

In Silico Prediction of Human and Rat Liver Microsomal Stability via Machine Learning Methods.

Chemical research in toxicology
Liver microsomal stability is an important property considered for the screening of drug candidates in the early stage of drug development. Determination of hepatic metabolic stability can be performed by an in vitro assay, but it requires quite a fe...

Prediction of Cytochrome P450 Inhibition Using a Deep Learning Approach and Substructure Pattern Recognition.

Journal of chemical information and modeling
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a family of enzymes that are responsible for about 75% of all metabolic reactions. Among them, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 participate in the metabolism of most drugs and mediate many adverse drug reactions. T...

Enhancing Multi-species Liver Microsomal Stability Prediction through Artificial Intelligence.

Journal of chemical information and modeling
Liver microsomal stability, a crucial aspect of metabolic stability, significantly impacts practical drug discovery. However, current models for predicting liver microsomal stability are based on limited molecular information from a single species. T...

In vitro metabolic studies and machine learning analysis of mass spectrometry data: A dual strategy for differentiating alpha-pyrrolidinohexiophenone (α-PHP) and alpha-pyrrolidinoisohexanophenone (α-PiHP) in urine analysis.

Forensic science international
Synthetic cathinones are some of the most prevalent new psychoactive substances (NPSs) globally, with alpha-pyrrolidinoisohexanophenone (α-PiHP) being particularly noted for its widespread use in the United States, Europe, and Taiwan. However, the an...

Prediction of Human Liver Microsome Clearance with Chirality-Focused Graph Neural Networks.

Journal of chemical information and modeling
In drug candidate design, clearance is one of the most crucial pharmacokinetic parameters to consider. Recent advancements in machine learning techniques coupled with the growing accumulation of drug data have paved the way for the construction of co...