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Propensity Score

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Using classification tree analysis to generate propensity score weights.

Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: In evaluating non-randomized interventions, propensity scores (PS) estimate the probability of assignment to the treatment group given observed characteristics. Machine learning algorithms have been proposed as an alte...

A doubly robust approach for cost-effectiveness estimation from observational data.

Statistical methods in medical research
Estimation of common cost-effectiveness measures, including the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio and the net monetary benefit, is complicated by the need to account for informative censoring and inherent skewness of the data. In addition, since t...

Impact of chromogranin A, differentiation, and mitoses in nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors ≤ 2 cm.

The Journal of surgical research
BACKGROUND: Small pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are a unique subset of pancreatic neoplasms. Chromogranin A (CgA) levels, mitotic rate, and histologic differentiation are often used to characterize PNET behavior. This study evaluates the i...

The Balance Super Learner: A robust adaptation of the Super Learner to improve estimation of the average treatment effect in the treated based on propensity score matching.

Statistical methods in medical research
Consistency of the propensity score estimators rely on correct specification of the propensity score model. The propensity score is frequently estimated using a main effect logistic regression. It has recently been shown that the use of ensemble mach...

Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Causal Inference in Observational Studies.

American journal of epidemiology
Estimation of causal effects using observational data continues to grow in popularity in the epidemiologic literature. While many applications of causal effect estimation use propensity score methods or G-computation, targeted maximum likelihood esti...

Ileostomy creation in colorectal cancer surgery: risk of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease.

The Journal of surgical research
BACKGROUND: Ileostomy creation is associated with postoperative dehydration and readmission; however, the effect on renal function is unknown. Our goal was to characterize the impact of ileostomy creation on acute and chronic renal function.

Assessing Hospital Performance After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Using Big Data.

Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes
BACKGROUND: Although risk adjustment remains a cornerstone for comparing outcomes across hospitals, optimal strategies continue to evolve in the presence of many confounders. We compared conventional regression-based model to approaches particularly ...

Combining machine learning and propensity score weighting to estimate causal effects in multivalued treatments.

Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Interventions with multivalued treatments are common in medical and health research; examples include comparing the efficacy of competing interventions and contrasting various doses of a drug. In recent years, there ha...