AI Medical Compendium Topic

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Radiography, Thoracic

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A Dataset for Understanding Radiologist-Artificial Intelligence Collaboration.

Scientific data
This dataset, Collab-CXR, provides a unique resource to study human-AI collaboration in chest X-ray interpretation. We present experimentally generated data from 227 professional radiologists who assessed 324 historical cases under varying informatio...

A clinically accessible small multimodal radiology model and evaluation metric for chest X-ray findings.

Nature communications
Large foundation models show promise in biomedicine but face challenges in clinical use due to performance gaps, accessibility, cost, and lack of scalable evaluation. Here we show that open-source small multimodal models can bridge these gaps in radi...

Automated Radiology Report Labeling in Chest X-Ray Pathologies: Development and Evaluation of a Large Language Model Framework.

JMIR medical informatics
BACKGROUND: Labeling unstructured radiology reports is crucial for creating structured datasets that facilitate downstream tasks, such as training large-scale medical imaging models. Current approaches typically rely on Bidirectional Encoder Represen...

Multi-axis transformer based U-Net with class balanced ensemble model for lung disease classification using X-ray images.

Journal of X-ray science and technology
Chest X-rays are an essential diagnostic tool for identifying chest disorders because of its high sensitivity in detecting pathological anomalies in the lungs. Classification models based on conventional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are adve...

Deep learning based dual stage model for accurate nasogastric tube positioning in chest radiographs.

Scientific reports
Accurate placement of nasogastric tubes (NGTs) is crucial for ensuring patient safety and effective treatment. Traditional methods relying on manual inspection are susceptible to human error, highlighting the need for innovative solutions. This study...

Tuberculosis detection using few shot learning.

Scientific reports
Tuberculosis (TB), a contagious disease, significantly affects lungs functioning. Amongst multiple detection methodologies, Chest X-ray analysis is considered the most effective methodology. Traditional Deep Learning methodologies have shown good res...

An artificial intelligence model for predicting an appropriate mAs with target exposure indicator for chest digital radiography.

Scientific reports
In digital radiography, image quality is synergistically affected by anatomy-specific examinations, exposure factors, body parameters, detector types, and vendors/systems. However, estimating appropriate exposure factors before radiography with optim...

Generalizability of AI-based image segmentation and centering estimation algorithm: a multi-region, multi-center, and multi-scanner study.

Radiation protection dosimetry
We created and validated an open-access AI algorithm (AIc) for assessing image segmentation and patient centering in a multi-body-region, multi-center, and multi-scanner study. Our study included 825 head, chest, and abdomen-pelvis CT from 275 patien...

Cost-effectiveness of opportunistic osteoporosis screening using chest radiographs with deep learning in Germany.

Aging clinical and experimental research
BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is often underdiagnosed due to limitations in traditional screening methods, leading to missed early intervention opportunities. AI-driven screening using chest radiographs could improve early detection, reduce fracture risk,...

Predicting Respiratory Disease Mortality Risk Using Open-Source AI on Chest Radiographs in an Asian Health Screening Population.

Radiology. Artificial intelligence
Purpose To assess the prognostic value of an open-source deep learning-based chest radiographs algorithm, CXR-Lung-Risk, for stratifying respiratory disease mortality risk among an Asian health screening population using baseline and follow-up chest ...