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Explainable artificial intelligence for prediction of refractory ulcerative colitis: analysis of a Japanese Nationwide Registry.

Annals of medicine
OBJECTIVE: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease for which remission is dependent on corticosteroid (CS) treatment. The diversity of disease pathophysiology necessitates optimal case-specific treatment selection. This study ...

Machine learning-based prediction of 90-day prognosis and in-hospital mortality in hemorrhagic stroke patients.

Scientific reports
This study aims to predict hemorrhagic stroke outcomes, including 90-day prognosis and in-hospital mortality, using machine learning models and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis. Data were collected from a national Stroke Registry from Ja...

Automated extraction of functional biomarkers of verbal and ambulatory ability from multi-institutional clinical notes using large language models.

Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
BACKGROUND: Functional biomarkers in neurodevelopmental disorders, such as verbal and ambulatory abilities, are essential for clinical care and research activities. Treatment planning, intervention monitoring, and identifying comorbid conditions in i...

Predicting 30-day survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest: a nationwide cohort study using machine learning and SHAP analysis.

BMJ open
OBJECTIVE: In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) presents a critical challenge with low survival rates and limited prediction tools. Despite advances in resuscitation, predicting 30-day survival remains difficult, and current methods lack interpretabilit...

Machine learning center-specific models show improved IVF live birth predictions over US national registry-based model.

Nature communications
Expanding in vitro fertilization (IVF) access requires improved patient counseling and affordability via cost-success transparency. Clinicians ask how two types of live birth prediction (LBP) models perform: machine learning, center-specific (MLCS) m...

Integrating large language models with human expertise for disease detection in electronic health records.

Computers in biology and medicine
OBJECTIVE: Electronic health records (EHR) are widely available to complement administrative data-based disease surveillance and healthcare performance evaluation. Defining conditions from EHR is labour-intensive and requires extensive manual labelli...

Transformer-based deep learning ensemble framework predicts autism spectrum disorder using health administrative and birth registry data.

Scientific reports
Early diagnosis and access to resources, support and therapy are critical for improving long-term outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is typically detected using a case-finding approach based on symptoms and family history,...

Identifying Mild-to-Moderate Atopic Dermatitis Using a Generic Machine Learning Approach: A Danish National Health Register Study.

Acta dermato-venereologica
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin disease, causing itching and recurrent eczematous lesions. In Danish national register data, adults with atopic dermatitis can only be identified if they have a hospital-diagnosed atopic dermatitis. The purpose of ...

Improving prediction accuracy of hospital arrival vital signs using a multi-output machine learning model: a retrospective study of JSAS-registry data.

BMC emergency medicine
BACKGROUND: Critically ill patients can deteriorate rapidly; therefore, prompt prehospital interventions and seamless transition to in-hospital care upon arrival are crucial for improving survival. In Japan, helicopter emergency medical services (HEM...

Predictors and associations of complications in ureteroscopy for stone disease using AI: outcomes from the FLEXOR registry.

Urolithiasis
We aimed to develop machine learning(ML) algorithms to evaluate complications of flexible ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy(fURSL), providing a valid predictive model. 15 ML algorithms were trained on a large number fURSL data from > 6500 patients f...