AIMC Topic: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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Range and dose verification in proton therapy using proton-induced positron emitters and recurrent neural networks (RNNs).

Physics in medicine and biology
Online proton range/dose verification based on measurements of proton-induced positron emitters is a promising strategy for quality assurance in proton therapy. Because of the nonlinear correlation between the dose distribution and the activity distr...

Predicting lung nodule malignancies by combining deep convolutional neural network and handcrafted features.

Physics in medicine and biology
To predict lung nodule malignancy with a high sensitivity and specificity for low dose CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening, we propose a fusion algorithm that combines handcrafted features (HF) into the features learned at the output layer of a 3D deep c...

How many models/atlases are needed as priors for capturing anatomic population variations?

Medical image analysis
Many medical image processing and analysis operations can benefit a great deal from prior information encoded in the form of models/atlases to capture variations over a population in form, shape, anatomic layout, and image appearance of objects. Howe...

Removing segmentation inconsistencies with semi-supervised non-adjacency constraint.

Medical image analysis
The advent of deep learning has pushed medical image analysis to new levels, rapidly replacing more traditional machine learning and computer vision pipelines. However segmenting and labelling anatomical regions remains challenging owing to appearanc...

Radiomics of small renal masses on multiphasic CT: accuracy of machine learning-based classification models for the differentiation of renal cell carcinoma and angiomyolipoma without visible fat.

European radiology
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the discriminative capabilities of different machine learning-based classification models on the differentiation of small (< 4 cm) renal angiomyolipoma without visible fat (AMLwvf) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Prediction of Immunohistochemistry of Suspected Thyroid Nodules by Use of Machine Learning-Based Radiomics.

AJR. American journal of roentgenology
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a radiomics model for evaluating immunohistochemical characteristics in patients with suspected thyroid nodules. A total of 103 patients (training cohort-to-validation cohort ratio, ≈ 3:1) with ...

Technical Note: PYRO-NN: Python reconstruction operators in neural networks.

Medical physics
PURPOSE: Recently, several attempts were conducted to transfer deep learning to medical image reconstruction. An increasingly number of publications follow the concept of embedding the computed tomography (CT) reconstruction as a known operator into ...

The effects of physics-based data augmentation on the generalizability of deep neural networks: Demonstration on nodule false-positive reduction.

Medical physics
PURPOSE: An important challenge for deep learning models is generalizing to new datasets that may be acquired with acquisition protocols different from the training set. It is not always feasible to expand training data to the range encountered in cl...

An Effective CNN Method for Fully Automated Segmenting Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue on CT Scans.

Annals of biomedical engineering
One major role of an accurate distribution of abdominal adipose tissue is to predict disease risk. This paper proposes a novel effective three-level convolutional neural network (CNN) approach to automate the selection of abdominal computed tomograph...

Adversarial learning for mono- or multi-modal registration.

Medical image analysis
This paper introduces an unsupervised adversarial similarity network for image registration. Unlike existing deep learning registration methods, our approach can train a deformable registration network without the need of ground-truth deformations an...