Diabetes

Synthetic data-driven diabetic retinopathy diagnosis with explainable AI: a clinically interpretable framework.

PURPOSE: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), a serious complication of Diabetes and leading cause of blindness, demands accurate and early diagnosis. Current diagnostic challenges results from two major limitations: (i) lack of expertly annotated clinical datasets due to privacy and cost factors, and (ii) the nature of deep learning models that limits clinical adoption. This study presents a novel solution...

AI-driven multimodal retinal imaging for early detection and risk stratification of vascular and neurodegenerative diseases.

Systemic vascular and neurodegenerative disorders are important causes of disability and death worldwide, mainly because of the late stage of diagnosis and the high cost of current screening tools. Artificial intelligence (AI) and multimodal retinal imaging offer a non-invasive and viable approach for early risk stratification and longitudinal monitoring. This review highlights how changes in the ...

Uric Acid to HDL-C Ratio as a Novel Biomarker for Sarcopenia: A National Study with Machine Learning Insights.

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is a major age-related health burden. Although the uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) has been linke...

Effect of a Personalized Mobile Health Intervention Using Artificial Intelligence (the WARIFA App) Versus a Nonpersonalized Intervention on User-Defined Objectives, Healthy Lifestyles, and Management of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Noncommunicable diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, cancer, and type 2 diabetes sh...

Estimated glucose disposal rate and triglyceride-glucose index jointly predict mortality in advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: Advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome carries substantial mortality risk, yet the independent and joint prognostic roles ...

Identification and analysis of oxidative stress-related genes associated with the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) develops via complex interactions of multiple risk factors and molecular pathways. However, the association between oxidativ...

A hybrid BiLSTM and rule-based system for integrated diabetes prediction and personalized guidance.

Diabetes is a common chronic disease that needs early diagnosis and proper management to avoid severe complications. While current Artificial Intellig...

Assessing the generalisability of foundation models to ultra-wide field retinal imaging for diabetic retinopathy screening in Denmark and Greenland.

BACKGROUND: Foundation models have shown promising performance in ophthalmology image analysis, but their ability to generalize to unseen imaging type...

Oxidative balance score as a predictor of MASLD-CVD comorbidity risk and mortality: Insights from traditional and machine learning approaches.

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress underlies both metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The oxi...

Diabetic retinal disease cure accelerator: Modernizing staging and endpoints.

The "Diabetic Retinal Disease (DRD) Cure Accelerator," a joint initiative by the Mary Tyler Moore Vision Initiative and the Collaborative Community on...

Artificial Intelligence-Based Prediction of Progression from Gestational Diabetes to Type 2 Diabetes.

Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) postpartum. This study ...

Machine Learning Applications Within the Earlier Medicine Framework for Stroke: A Scoping Review.

This scoping review explores how machine learning (ML) has been applied to stroke research within the Earlier Medicine framework, which promotes proac...

Identifying Clinical Predictors of Diabetes and Prediabetes: An Explainable AI Approach Using Primary Care Electronic Medical Records.

Prediabetes (PD), a reversible metabolic condition that precedes type 2 diabetes (T2DM), carries a high risk of progression to T2DM, but can be effect...

Integrating Multi-Source Biomedical Data for Adverse Drug Reaction Analysis: A Knowledge Graph Approach.

Understanding adverse drug reaction mechanisms requires integrating information from multiple heterogeneous sources. We developed a pipeline for combi...

Targeting metabolic dysregulation in postmenopausal breast cancer: Synergistic effects of nutrition-based interventions and exercise on molecular and cellular pathways.

Postmenopausal females diagnosed with breast cancer who are undergoing aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy often exhibit metabolic disturbances, which ma...

Hyperbaric oxygen in the artificial intelligence era: integration and innovation.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is established for decompression illness, carbon monoxide poisoning, radiation-induced tissue injury, and diabetic foot ulce...

Machine learning evaluation of TyG-based metrics for arteriosclerosis progression.

Insulin resistance (IR) is a significant risk factor for arteriosclerosis. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its obesity-related derivatives (T...

Life's Essential 8-Defined Cardiovascular Health and Mortality Risk in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health Stages 0-4: A Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome represents a primary contributor to global morbidity and mortality. Despite the Life's Esse...

Gender disparities in random blood glucose levels among Pakistani adults with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis.

This study investigated gender disparities in random blood glucose (RBS) levels among Pakistani adults with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), examining biologica...

Integrated metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers for early association and prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes: a multicenter validation study.

BACKGROUND: Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) affect long-term maternal and offspring health. Conventional metabolic markers, including the triglyceri...