Ethics

A physics-informed decomposition network for carbon ion radiotherapy dose monitoring: a proof-of-concept study.

In-beam positron emission tomography (PET) provides a promising strategy for dose monitoring in carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT), but accurate dose prediction remains difficult due to the complex, nonlinear relationship between positron-emitter activity and physical dose deposition. This proof-of-concept study aimed to improve activity-to-dose mapping by developing decomposition-based deep learning ...

Systematic assessment of the medical utility of radiology and diagnostic Artificial Intelligence in fracture detection (SAMURAI-fracture): a protocol for a multicentre cluster-randomised controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Fracture misdiagnosis is a common diagnostic error in emergency departments (EDs) and minor injury units (MIUs), leading to poor patient outcomes, unnecessary treatments and significant healthcare costs. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted fracture detection tools are now available for use in radiology workflows; however, the impact of these technologies on patient outcomes, experi...

Predictors in the Clinic: Predicting Patient Choice and Preference.

It has been proposed that technical systems that estimate patient choices and preferences should guide treatment when patients are incapacitated. Howe...

Safety-Oriented Evaluation of Large Language Models in Health Care: Guideline-Informed Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly emerging in health care, offering opportunities in decision support, education, and research, but...

Ethics of artificial intelligence prognostication in palliative care: perspectives from a national survey of palliative care physicians.

OBJECTIVES: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools have the potential to transform access to and delivery of palliative care globally-an urgent unmet need...

Validation of federated analytics across secure data environments: A comparative study of synthetic healthcare datasets using machine learning and general linear models.

OBJECTIVES: To enable research and innovation, most health data systems are moving away from a model of pooled data egress and instead highlight the b...

The Continuity Trap in Data Science Health Research.

Secondary use is now the ordinary condition of data science health research rather than an exception to it. Electronic health records collected for cl...

Argus-Net: Anatomy-Guided Hierarchical Learning for Pulmonary Vasculature Segmentation in Contrast and Non-Contrast CT.

Automatic segmentation of the pulmonary vasculature from thoracic CT is essential for pulmonary embolism assessment, surgical planning, and disease mo...

Dissolution of Continuity of Ethical Governance in Data Science Health Research: A Diagnostic and Response Framework for Lifecycle Oversight.

Traditional research ethics governance was designed for bounded protocols, identifiable investigators, and temporally limited encounters with human pa...

Representational Veracity in Data Science Health Research: Targets, Proxies, Labels, and Descriptors.

Prevailing ethical oversight of data science health research concentrates on privacy, consent, bias, and fairness. These concerns are necessary but in...

Correction to "Contributing factors to beneficence and nonmaleficence in police-led jail diversion programs" by Petreca et al. (2025).

UNLABELLED: Reports an error in "Contributing factors to beneficence and nonmaleficence in police-led jail diversion programs" by Victor G. Petreca, M...

Acceptability, Usability, and Clinical Appropriateness of an AI-Powered Tool for Linkage to HIV Services After HIV Self-Testing in South Africa: Mixed Methods Evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Timely linkage to HIV prevention and treatment services following HIV self-testing (HIVST) remains a challenge in many countries. While HI...

Advanced physics-enhanced machine learning and empirical approaches for estimating the oxygen transfer alpha factor in activated sludge.

Accurate estimation of the α0-factor, representing oxygen transfer efficiency under non-steady-state conditions, is critical for energy-efficient aera...

Conservation-informed machine learning for physically admissible four-phase hydrothermal liquefaction surrogate modelling.

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) distributes wet biomass and residues among bio-oil, char, aqueous product, and gas. Independent phase regressors can p...

Development and clinical validation of a point-of-care cytology screening tool for oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma using a deep learning convolutional neural network: protocol for a diagnostic accuracy study.

INTRODUCTION: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) present a remarkable public health challenge worldw...

Multimodal and fair artificial intelligence in paediatric rheumatology: challenges and opportunities for a holistic and equitable future.

Multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging domain comprising a set of tools with potential clinical relevance in paediatric rheumatology, ...

What Remains Ours to Think? Reclaiming Critical Thinking in AI-Augmented Student Leadership Education.

The arrival of generative artificial intelligence in learning environments has created an urgent question for leadership educators: what remains disti...

Regulatory Research Priorities for AI Use in the Medicine Lifecycle: A European Perspective with Global Relevance.

Regulatory bodies play a central role in providing guidance that enables safe and effective use of artificial intelligence tools in medicine developme...

Adapted foundation models for breast MRI triaging in contrast-enhanced and non-contrast-enhanced protocols.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a DINOv2-based medical slice transformer (MST) for triaging abbreviated breast MRI by ruling out examinations with suspicious ...

The Roles of Biomedical Informatics for an Equitable Learning Health System: Lessons from a Year of Scientific Informatics Literature.

BACKGROUND: Biomedical informatics plays a central role in supporting learning health systems (LHSs) which aim to continuously improve care by transfo...