Gastroenterology

Extracellular Vesicles from Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis in Rats.

BACKGROUND: There are no approved drug treatments for liver fibrosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an advanced stage of fibrosis which has rapidly become a major cause of cirrhosis. Therefore, development of anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic therapies is desired. Mesenchymal stem cell- (MSC-) based therapy, which has been extensively investigated in regenerative medicine for various or...

Association of time to colonoscopy after a positive fecal test result and fecal hemoglobin concentration with risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia.

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACRN) and colorectal cancer (CRC) according to time to colonoscopy after positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT), fecal hemoglobin concentration, and combination of both.

MILD-Net: Minimal information loss dilated network for gland instance segmentation in colon histology images.

The analysis of glandular morphology within colon histopathology images is an important step in determining the grade of colon cancer. Despite the imp...

Acute Retroviral Syndrome Presenting as Acute Hepatitis.

Acute retroviral syndrome (ARS) can present as a wide array of clinical manifestations. Establishing a diagnosis early in the disease course can provi...

Anabasis aretioides Coss. & Moq. phenolic compounds exhibit in vitro hypoglycemic, antioxidant and antipathogenic properties.

Background Based on our previous ethnobotanical survey, the non-investigated Saharan plant Anabasis aretioides Coss. & Moq., growing in the region of ...

Swall-E: A robotic in-vitro simulation of human swallowing.

Swallowing is a complex physiological function that can be studied through medical imagery techniques such as videofluoroscopy (VFS), dynamic magnetic...

Elevated α-Fetoprotein in the Absence of Carcinoma Caused by Relapse of Hepatitis C Viral Infection after Liver Transplantation.

We report a rare case of marked elevation of α-fetoprotein in the absence of hepatocellular carcinoma caused by a relapse of hepatitis C virus (HCV) i...

Giardia duodenalis assemblages in cats from Virginia, USA.

Giardia duodenalis is considered a species complex that is divided into 8 genetically distinct but morphologically identical assemblages (A-H). Assemb...

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract Inhibits Human Esophageal Squamous Cancerous Cell Line ECA109 via the NF-B Signaling Pathway.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of squamous cell carcinoma. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) is considered to exh...

Metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma presenting as multifocal liver lesions with elevated alpha-fetoprotein.

Significant elevations in alpha-fetoprotein should raise suspicion for hepatocellular carcinoma as malignancies with metastasis to the liver can eleva...

Hepatoprotective Effect of Leaf Extract and Its Various Fractions against Carbon Tetra Chloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats.

is traditionally used as an antipyretic, digestive, and diuretic agent. Its flowers possess free radical-scavenging, antioxidative, and hepatoprotect...

Protective effects of Ganoderma triterpenoids on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory injury in chicken livers.

Several studies have been conducted on liver damage caused by cadmium, but few on the protective effects of Ganoderma triterpenoids against liver dama...

CT liver tumor segmentation hybrid approach using neutrosophic sets, fast fuzzy c-means and adaptive watershed algorithm.

Liver tumor segmentation from computed tomography (CT) images is a critical and challenging task. Due to the fuzziness in the liver pixel range, the n...

Diagnosis using deep-learning artificial intelligence based on the endocytoscopic observation of the esophagus.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The endocytoscopic system (ECS) helps in virtual realization of histology and can aid in confirming histological diagnosis in viv...

Leveraging Multilayered "Omics" Data for Atopic Dermatitis: A Road Map to Precision Medicine.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex multifactorial inflammatory skin disease that affects ~280 million people worldwide. About 85% of AD cases begin i...

Extending 2-D Convolutional Neural Networks to 3-D for Advancing Deep Learning Cancer Classification With Application to MRI Liver Tumor Differentiation.

Deep learning (DL) architectures have opened new horizons in medical image analysis attaining unprecedented performance in tasks such as tissue classi...

The current role of prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.

Prostate multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has shown excellent sensitivity for Gleason ≥7 cancers, especially when their volume is ≥...

Automated Abdominal Segmentation of CT Scans for Body Composition Analysis Using Deep Learning.

Purpose To develop and evaluate a fully automated algorithm for segmenting the abdomen from CT to quantify body composition. Materials and Methods For...

Biomarkers and polymorphisms in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors treated with sunitinib.

Several circulating biomarkers and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been correlated with efficacy and tolerability to antiangiogenic agents...

Scoring System for Lesions Induced by Different Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus in Chicken.

Newcastle disease virus strains are velogenic, mesogenic, and lentogenic. This study aims to design a scoring system for lesions induced by different ...