Gastroenterology

Image Quality of 1.5 T MRI Using Dual-Type Deep Learning Reconstruction for Pancreatic Cystic Lesions: An Exploratory Comparison With Conventional 3 T MRI Without Deep Learning Reconstruction.

BACKGROUND: Dual-type deep learning reconstruction (DLR) may improve the pancreatic MRI image quality; however, the effects of different DLR strengths at 1.5 T compared with the conventional 1.5 T and 3 T MRI without DLR remain unclear. PURPOSE: To evaluate the image quality of 1.5 T MRI reconstructed with different DLR strengths for pancreatic cystic lesions, compared with conventional 1.5 T and ...

Single-shot T2-Weighted Turbo Spin-echo Imaging of the Liver Improves Lesion Characterization Compared with Free-breathing Acquisition.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: T2-weighted imaging is essential for liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but conventional free-breathing turbo spin-echo (FB-TSE) is prolonged and motion-sensitive. Single-shot techniques offer motion robustness but compromise image quality. The aim is to evaluate whether single-shot turbo spin-echo (SS-TSE) provides superior lesion conspicuity and accurate Liver Imag...

A deep learning-derived risk score model from digital pathology to forecast nivolumab outcomes in gastric carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) is a biomarker predicting responses in gastric cancer (GC) immunotherapy. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to ...

Simulating Reality and Transforming Endoscopic Education-Lessons from Esophageal Dilation.

Although endoscopic training has traditionally relied on mentorship and procedural volume to assess proficiency, the major gastroenterology societies ...

Integrated Transcriptomic Analysis and Machine Learning Identify THY1 as a Key Regulator of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Infiltration, Promoting Malignant Progression and Immune Escape in Gastric Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Heterogeneity in cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) infiltration within the tumor microenvironment is closely associated with gastric canc...

Composite dietary antioxidant index with hepatic indices for predicting mortality in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: Integrated analysis of a nationwide cohort study using machine learning approaches.

Oxidative stress is a pathological driver of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, exacerbating inflammation and tissue injury, while metabo...

Prognostic value of automated CT body composition in hepatocellular carcinoma: a volumetric versus single-slice comparison.

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: To compare the prognostic value of fully automated volumetric versus single-slice computed tomography (CT)-derived body composition ...

Long-term microbiome and clinical effects of a microbiome-guided personalized diet versus low-FODMAP diet in irritable bowel syndrome: A 12-month follow-up randomized controlled trial.

Dietary therapy is central to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) management, yet the long-term durability of the low-FODMAP diet (LFD), and of microbiome-...

Development and internal validation of a machine learning-based disease burden index for irritable bowel syndrome: a multicentre cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common disorders of gut-brain interaction in gastroenterology clinics worldwide, becomin...

AI-assisted second forward-view examination of the right colon significantly improves the adenoma detection rate: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Adenomas in the right colon are likely to be missed during colonoscopy because of anatomical complexity and lesion characteristics. Althou...

Novel proteomic signatures of stricturing Crohn disease using a treatment-naive cohort.

BACKGROUND: Crohn disease (CD) is frequently complicated by intestinal strictures, which require early recognition and management. This study aimed to...

Beyond ICD-10 Codes: A Multi-class Machine-Learning Approach to Identify True IBD Cases in Electronic Medical Records.

PURPOSE: The adoption of electronic medical records (EMRs) has expanded research opportunities. International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes a...

Mouth-to-gut microbial transmission signatures enable robust, non-invasive diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers.

The human microbiome is spatially compartmentalized, yet oral bacteria can ectopically colonize distal sites such as the gut, potentially influencing ...

Engineering oral hydrogels for versatile drug delivery: core technologies, disease applications, and industrial translation.

Oral drug delivery is preferred for patient compliance, but it's challenging for biologics and sensitive therapeutics due to the harsh gastrointestina...

Advanced gene editing technologies for oncology mechanisms, applications, and clinical implementation.

Advanced gene editing tools have transformed oncology by facilitating precise molecular therapies aimed at the hereditary basis of cancer. This thorou...

Development and validation of a machine learning-based model for identifying liver fibrosis in individuals with prior Schistosoma japonicum infection: a step toward precision management.

BACKGROUND: Liver fibrosis caused by Schistosoma japonicum may continue to progress even following successful praziquantel chemotherapy. Although live...

[Development and validation of a machine learning-based prediction model for fatty liver in Wilson disease].

OBJECTIVES: To construct a machine learning-based predictive model for fatty liver in patients with Wilson disease (WD). METHODS: Clinical data retros...

[Reflections on surgical management strategies for locally advanced gastric cancer after neoadjuvant immunotherapy].

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy is reshaping the treatment landscape of locally advanced gastric cancer (GC). The central clinical challenge has expanded fr...

Human-Relevant Microphysiological Systems: Evidence for Defined Contexts of Use.

The FDA Modernization Act has accelerated the transition from animal-based testing toward human-relevant new approach methodologies in drug developmen...

Biallelic loss of RB1 in hepatocellular carcinoma as synthetic lethal target for artificial intelligence-guided therapy.

The retinoblastoma (RB1) gene is a critical tumor suppressor that regulates cell cycle progression and genomic stability. Although RB1 alterations hav...