Infectious Disease

A Pathway from Law to Care: How the Artificial Intelligence Act, the Medical Device Regulation, and the Public Procurement Directive Can Contribute to Ensuring Quality in Healthcare.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded in healthcare delivery, and when systems are s...

Global genomic surveillance of β-lactam resistance in Escherichia coli across human, animal, and environmental reservoirs.

BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli poses a global health threat from increasing β-lactam resistance. This ...

Evaluating the Intermediate Suspicion Category in Thyroid Nodules with AI Assistance: A Comparative Analysis of C-TIRADS, ACR-TIRADS, and ATA Guidelines.

OBJECTIVE: To compare diagnostic performance and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) decision-making for th...

Artificial Intelligence and JAIDS.

AI is a massively important tool for advancing the health of persons impacted by HIV. JAIDS is prior...

Integrated Genome-Wide Association Study and Machine Learning Approach for Characterizing the Determinants of Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a well-recognized pathogen known for its multi-drug resistance ...

The Best of Both Worlds: How Combining a Large Language Model and a Rule-Based Algorithm Makes Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection Surveillance More Efficient.

BACKGROUND: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) surveillance is critical for patient...

Artificial Intelligence and Generative Models in Hepatology: From Large Language Models to Digital Pathology in Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment.

Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly foundation and generative models, is reshaping the practi...

Metagenomic screening of antimicrobial peptide candidates and isolation of two active peptides from bat gut bacteria.

Bacterial antibiotic resistance has intensified the need to identify new antimicrobial molecules fro...

Model-Guided Optimization of a Low-Serum Medium for Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells Using a Kolmogorov-Arnold Network and Bayesian Optimization.

Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells are important hosts for cell culture-based viral vaccine prod...

AI-Assisted Engineering of Glycyrrhizic Acid/Simvastatin Nanocrystals for Multifunctional Treatment of Bacterial Osteomyelitis.

Bacterial osteomyelitis remains a formidable challenge in clinic because existing monotherapies fail...

Battling the Bots and Defending Against Fraudulent Responses in an International Community-Engaged Web-Based Survey With People Living With Long COVID: Methodological Study.

BACKGROUND: Web-based surveys involving self-reported questionnaires are vulnerable to fraudulent re...

AI-assisted design of next-generation antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus remains a leading cause of life-threatening infectio...

Artificial intelligence-based methods and applications in clinical and diagnostic microbiology: Current challenges and future perspectives.

Microbiology laboratories play a critical role in the diagnosis and management of infectious disease...

Machine learning-based prediction of shigellosis in children under five: development and internal validation of a prediction model.

OBJECTIVES: Shigella remains a major cause of diarrhoea and mortality in children under five in low-...

Gut Microbiome in Depression with and without REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a risk factor for neurodegeneration, yet its heterogeneity makes ...

Predicting, describing, or measuring? How to align model purpose with validity and applicability in critical care outcome research.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Clinical models are commonly applied in critical care for both descriptive and pr...

Efficacy of a Large Language Model Data Extraction System in Evidence Reviews for Emerging Infectious Diseases: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

BACKGROUND: Rapid evidence synthesis during emerging infectious and re-emerging disease outbreaks is...

An explainable multi-label Diagnostic Prediction Model for lung diseases based on proteomic biomarkers.

OBJECTIVES: Differential diagnosis of pneumonia, tuberculosis, and lung cancer is highly challenging...

Predicting dengue where surveillance is weak: A case for climate- and search-based machine learning in Somalia.

Multiomics and artificial intelligence identify infection associated subtypes and prognostic signatures in hepatocellular carcinoma.

UNLABELLED: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major global health burden with persistently hi...

Genomic language models (gLMs): Emerging applications, challenges, and future directions in computational genomics.

Genomic language models (gLMs) are rapidly becoming important tools for learning biological informat...