Pediatrics

Automated Post-Analytical Workflow for Newborn Screening Using a Hybrid Rule-Based and Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Model System.

Newborn screening using tandem mass spectrometry requires complex post-analytical workflows, includi...

The Continuity Trap in Data Science Health Research.

Secondary use is now the ordinary condition of data science health research rather than an exception...

Upstream costs of the energy transition: differentiated mechanisms of economic-environmental synergy in lithium development systems.

As the global energy transition accelerates, the low-carbon benefits realized downstream in new ener...

The Reliability of Human Evaluation of Large Language Models in Health Care Settings: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Integration of large language models (LLMs) into health care has accelerated rapidly, ye...

Development and evaluation of AI-based clinical decision support system for streamlining breast multidisciplinary team meetings.

OBJECTIVES: Multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings are key to delivering cancer care. Increasing case...

Real-Time AI Voice Translation for International Medical Conferences and Beyond: Enabling Multilingual Scientific Exchange.

BACKGROUND: Language barriers continue to limit participation in international medical communication...

Tracking funding disparities in global health aid with machine learning.

Reducing the global burden of disease is crucial for improving health outcomes. However, misalignmen...

Multimodal Digital Therapeutics Enhanced by Task Design and AI for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Core Symptoms and Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disord...

Prognostication in End-Stage Kidney Disease: Tools, Evidence, and Clinical Applications.

Prognostication in end-stage kidney disease is fundamental to person-centered care and shared decisi...

Prompting the future: artificial intelligence in pediatric radiology.

Prediction of pediatric lower urinary tract dysfunction using uroflowmetry data and machine learning with explainable AI techniques.

PURPOSE: To develop and evaluate a machine learning-based approach for the interpretation of uroflow...

Value of AI in Critical Care Using Real-World Evidence on Intensive Care Unit Mortality Prediction: Cost-Utility Analysis.

BACKGROUND: AI-based models for predicting mortality have shown potential for intensive care unit (I...

Deep learning applications in osteosarcoma MRI: A systematic review of recent advances in AI-based osteosarcoma diagnosis.

Primary malignant bone tumours of the skeleton have a great diversity in their biological behaviour,...

A Generational Approach to Neurology Education: Engaging Generation Z Learners.

Neurophobia remains a persistent barrier in neurology education because learners often struggle to c...

Seizure detection using hierarchical temporal trend integration and self-supervised learning.

Early, reliable detection of epileptic seizures from electroencephalography (EEG) remains challengin...

An explainable biomedical foundation model via large-scale concept-enhanced vision-language pretraining.

Artificial intelligence for medical imaging is required to be accurate and interpretable to clinicia...

Comparison of a Computable Pediatric Sepsis Phenotype Tool in Argentinian and U.S. Cohorts.

OBJECTIVE: Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality in low- and middle-income countries. This study id...

Patient-Specific Non-Invasive Epileptogenic Zone Localization via High-Resolution Time-Frequency Representations and CNN Deep Learning.

Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation is the mainstream treatm...

The Use of Machine Learning in Pediatric Research.

Long-term PM2.5 exposure and leukemia risk from childhood to early adulthood: A nationwide longitudinal cohort study with time-varying exposure analysis.

Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been suggested as an environmental risk fa...

Local Chemistry-Guided Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth of SnSe on MgO via Combined ReaxFF Modeling and Machine Learning.

Subtle variations in local growth chemistry can fundamentally alter the morphology of layered chalco...