Pulmonology

A multicenter machine learning model for predicting ICU mortality in mechanically ventilated patients: development and external validation.

BACKGROUND: Accurate early prediction of mortality in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients remains challenging due to disease heterogeneity and dynamic clinical trajectories. Traditional severity scoring systems have limited flexibility and generalizability. This study aimed to develop and externally validate a machine learning-based model using routinely available clinical v...

Development and multicenter validation of machine learning models for 28-day mortality in critically ill patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

BACKGROUND: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is a common critical illness in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with poor outcomes. Marked clinical heterogeneity limits the ability of conventional scoring systems to achieve accurate early mortality risk stratification. This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models for early p...

Automated lung cancer classification using intensity-driven RoI selection and transfer learning.

Lung cancer diagnosis increasingly relies on advanced medical imaging systems and expert interpretation across heterogeneous clinical data sources. Ho...

ALDH18A1 silencing inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression through mitochondrial dysfunction and PPAR signaling pathway activation.

BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains a prevalent malignant tumor characterized by a dismal prognosis. This study aimed to reveal potential m...

Optical Navigation Robot-Assisted versus Conventional CT-Guided Localization of Pulmonary Nodules: A Comparison of Efficacy and Analysis of Complication Predictors.

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy and safety of optical navigation robot-assisted versus conventional CT-guided preoperative localization of pulmonary ...

Advances in Antiviral Drug Development Targeting Viral Proteases.

Viral proteases are critical targets in antiviral drug development due to their essential role in the viral lifecycle and high conservation across vir...

Machine learning-guided discovery of spirocyclic inhibitors targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis FtsZ.

Tuberculosis continues to pose serious threats to global public health and calls for the design of new drugs that can target key bacterial proteins. T...

A morphology-guided ViT-CNN approach for the detection of lung and colon cancer using H&E-stained biopsy images.

The accurate categorisation of histopathological images is crucial for the reliable identification of morphologically similar cancers, including lung ...

Targeting galactose metabolic reprogramming overcomes immunotherapy resistance in KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma: Integrative multi-omics and machine learning approaches.

BACKGROUND: KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is associated with aggressive phenotypes and therapy resistance, which highlights an urgent need to...

DFT and machine learning investigation of Au/Pt-decorated SnS₂ monolayers for asthma and COPD diagnosis.

Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are among the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases worldwide, affecting hundreds of mil...

Precision lung cancer classification using convolutional neural networks with enhanced image pre-processing and model optimization.

Among various types of cancers, lung cancer causes the highest mortality globally, necessitating prompt diagnosis for effective treatment. Traditional...

AI-based CT quantification reveals small airway loss and vascular simplification in rheumatoid arthritis-associated lung disease.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate pulmonary structural changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using an artificial intelligence (AI)-based CT segm...

A population-based retrospective machine learning study of COVID-19 severity using integrated clinical and viral genomic data in Jiangsu Province, China.

BACKGROUND: As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has transitioned into an endemic phase characterized by sustained transmission and widespread hybri...

Factors associated with delayed diagnosis of fibrotic interstitial lung disease: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Timely diagnosis and treatment of fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD) is crucial to preserve lung function and limit healthcare costs...

Machine learning prediction of postoperative pulmonary infection in patients who underwent thoracoscopic lung cancer resection: a retrospective case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Accurate identification of patients at high risk of pulmonary infection after thoracoscopic lung cancer resection is important for timely ...

A Novel Dosing Strategy for Tacrolimus in Lung Transplant Recipients: Integrating Machine Learning with Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Integrating machine learning (ML) with population pharmacokinetic (PPK) modeling may improve therapeutic drug monitoring predictions. METH...

Securing Safety and Quality in AI-generated Patient Education: A Nurse-led Methodological Framework Integrating Kolcaba's Comfort Theory.

Generative artificial intelligence offers personalized patient education, yet clinical inaccuracy and lack of theoretical grounding threaten health ca...

Computer modeling to improve measurement of stroke volume with echocardiography.

BACKGROUND: The stroke volume (SV) can be measured by a human expert (HE) using the left ventricular outflow tract diameter (LVOTd) and its velocity t...

Diagnostic performance of machine learning models based on dual-phase 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT semiquantitative parameters for differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of machine learning models based on dual-phase 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT semiquantitative parameters for different...

Development and external validation of a dual-stage predictive model for self-reported physician-diagnosed chronic lung disease, asthma, and lung cancer in Chinese adults.

Chronic respiratory diseases represent a leading cause of global mortality, yet robust prediction tools integrating onset risk and long-term prognosis...