Healthcare rationing is unavoidable in systems constrained by limited resources. While decisions about who should be treated are ethically complex, they must reflect not only efficiency concerns but also socially accepted values. This study aims to d...
The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has revolutionized computer technology, enabling it to make intelligent decisions, exhibit adaptive behavior, and foster synergistic human-AI environments. To ensure that...
Motivation drives individuals to overcome costs to achieve desired outcomes, such as rewards or avoidance of punishment, with significant variability across individuals. The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dmPFC/dACC) ...
INTRODUCTION: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare introduces innovative possibilities but raises ethical, legal and professional concerns. Assessing the performance of AI in core components of the United States Medical Lic...
In response to growing concerns over the societal impacts of AI and algorithmic decision-making, current scholarly and legal efforts have mainly focused on identifying risks and implementing safeguards against harmful consequences, with regulations s...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Sep 17, 2025
The use of AI, or more generally data-driven algorithms, has become ubiquitous in today's society. Yet, in many cases and especially when stakes are high, humans still make final decisions. The critical question, therefore, is whether AI helps humans...
While there has been extensive research on techniques for explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to enhance AI recommendations, the metacognitive processes in interacting with AI explanations remain underexplored. This study examines how AI explan...
Reinforcement learning (RL) is a computational framework that models how agents learn from trial and error to make sequential decisions. Rooted in behavioural psychology, RL has become central to artificial intelligence and is increasingly applied in...
The rapid evolution of intelligent manufacturing systems necessitates the integration of advanced robotics to meet increasing demands for productivity, precision, and adaptability. Robots play an indispensable role across a spectrum of operations, fr...
Metacognition, the ability to reflect and regulate one's cognitive processes, has been shown to play a role in various aspects of life, particularly in academic settings. While important steps have been made in uncovering the neural basis of metacogn...
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