AIMC Topic: Decision Making

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AI language model rivals expert ethicist in perceived moral expertise.

Scientific reports
People view AI as possessing expertise across various fields, but the perceived quality of AI-generated moral expertise remains uncertain. Recent work suggests that large language models (LLMs) perform well on tasks designed to assess moral alignment...

Me vs. the machine? Subjective evaluations of human- and AI-generated advice.

Scientific reports
Artificial intelligence ("AI") has the potential to vastly improve human decision-making. In line with this, researchers have increasingly sought to understand how people view AI, often documenting skepticism and even outright aversion to these tools...

When and what patients need to know about AI in clinical care.

Swiss medical weekly
In this article, we describe and analyse when and what patients need to be told about the use of artificial intelligence in clinical care. In many circumstances, patients do not need to be told about the use of AI, but in cases in which AI is making ...

A deep learning model for assistive decision-making during robot-aided rehabilitation therapies based on therapists' demonstrations.

Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation
BACKGROUND: A promising approach to improving motor recovery during rehabilitation is the use of robotic rehabilitation devices. These robotic devices provide tools to monitor the patient's recovery progress while providing highly standardized and in...

Judges versus artificial intelligence in juror decision-making in criminal trials: Evidence from two pre-registered experiments.

PloS one
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is anticipated to play a significant role in criminal trials involving citizen jurors. Prior studies have suggested that AI is not widely preferred in ethical decision-making contexts, but little research has ...

Intricacies of human-AI interaction in dynamic decision-making for precision oncology.

Nature communications
AI decision support systems can assist clinicians in planning adaptive treatment strategies that can dynamically react to individuals' cancer progression for effective personalized care. However, AI's imperfections can lead to suboptimal therapeutics...

Diagnostic Decision-Making Variability Between Novice and Expert Optometrists for Glaucoma: Comparative Analysis to Inform AI System Design.

JMIR medical informatics
BACKGROUND: While expert optometrists tend to rely on a deep understanding of the disease and intuitive pattern recognition, those with less experience may depend more on extensive data, comparisons, and external guidance. Understanding these variati...

Exploring the Social Media Discussion of Breast Cancer Treatment Choices: Quantitative Natural Language Processing Study.

JMIR cancer
BACKGROUND: Early-stage breast cancer has the complex challenge of carrying a favorable prognosis with multiple treatment options, including breast-conserving surgery (BCS) or mastectomy. Social media is increasingly used as a source of information a...

Deep learning based decision-making and outcome prediction for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients with posterior surgery.

Scientific reports
With the emergence of numerous classifications, surgical treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) can be guided more effectively. However, surgical decision-making and optimal strategies still lack standardization and personalized customiz...

Exploring condition in which people accept AI over human judgements on justified defection.

Scientific reports
As artificial intelligence (AI) technology is introduced into different areas of society, understanding people's willingness to accept AI decisions emerges as a critical scientific and societal issue. It is an open question whether people can accept ...