AIMC Topic: Humans

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Research and Practice of AI Ethics: A Case Study Approach Juxtaposing Academic Discourse with Organisational Reality.

Science and engineering ethics
This study investigates the ethical use of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies (BD + AI)-using an empirical approach. The paper categorises the current literature and presents a multi-case study of 'on-the-ground' ethical issues th...

MRI-based clinical-radiomics model predicts tumor response before treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Scientific reports
Neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) represents the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced (≥ T3 or N+) rectal cancer (LARC). Approximately 15% of patients with LARC shows a complete response...

Key factors in a rigorous longitudinal image-based assessment of retinopathy of prematurity.

Scientific reports
To describe a database of longitudinally graded telemedicine retinal images to be used as a comparator for future studies assessing grader recall bias and ability to detect typical progression (e.g. International Classification of Retinopathy of Prem...

Prioritizing non-coding regions based on human genomic constraint and sequence context with deep learning.

Nature communications
Elucidating functionality in non-coding regions is a key challenge in human genomics. It has been shown that intolerance to variation of coding and proximal non-coding sequence is a strong predictor of human disease relevance. Here, we integrate into...

Deep learning-based enhancement of epigenomics data with AtacWorks.

Nature communications
ATAC-seq is a widely-applied assay used to measure genome-wide chromatin accessibility; however, its ability to detect active regulatory regions can depend on the depth of sequencing coverage and the signal-to-noise ratio. Here we introduce AtacWorks...

COVID-19 in early 2021: current status and looking forward.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy
Since the first description of a coronavirus-related pneumonia outbreak in December 2019, the virus SARS-CoV-2 that causes the infection/disease (COVID-19) has evolved into a pandemic, and as of today, >100 million people globally in over 210 countri...

CT based automatic clinical target volume delineation using a dense-fully connected convolution network for cervical Cancer radiation therapy.

BMC cancer
BACKGROUND: It is very important to accurately delineate the CTV on the patient's three-dimensional CT image in the radiotherapy process. Limited to the scarcity of clinical samples and the difficulty of automatic delineation, the research of automat...

Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning for Identifying Incident Stroke From Electronic Health Records: Algorithm Development and Validation.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Stroke is an important clinical outcome in cardiovascular research. However, the ascertainment of incident stroke is typically accomplished via time-consuming manual chart abstraction. Current phenotyping efforts using electronic health r...

A Comprehensive Overview of the COVID-19 Literature: Machine Learning-Based Bibliometric Analysis.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Shortly after the emergence of COVID-19, researchers rapidly mobilized to study numerous aspects of the disease such as its evolution, clinical manifestations, effects, treatments, and vaccinations. This led to a rapid increase in the num...

Image-level supervised segmentation for human organs with confidence cues.

Physics in medicine and biology
Image segmentation for human organs is an important task for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Current deep learning-based methods are fully supervised and need pixel-level labels. Since the medical images are highly specialized and complex, t...