AIMC Topic: Large Language Models

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The use of large language models to enhance cancer clinical trial educational materials.

JNCI cancer spectrum Mar 3, 2025
BACKGROUND: Adequate patient awareness and understanding of cancer clinical trials is essential for trial recruitment, informed decision making, and protocol adherence. Although large language models (LLMs) have shown promise for patient education, t...
Informed Consent Clinical Trials as Topic Large Language Models Consent Forms Comprehension Neoplasms Generative Artificial Intelligence Patient Education as Topic Female Male Humans
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[Evaluating the accuracy of large language models in answering mammography screening questions in Italian and English: a study based on the Eusobi guidelines.].

Recenti progressi in medicina Mar 1, 2025
INTRODUCTION: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming various aspects of everyday life, including healthcare, through large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, Gemini, and Copilot. These systems are increasingly used to disseminate medical info...
Practice Guidelines as Topic Breast Neoplasms Surveys and Questionnaires Large Language Models Early Detection of Cancer Italy Humans Mass Screening Language Mammography Artificial Intelligence Radiologists Female
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RAMIE: retrieval-augmented multi-task information extraction with large language models on dietary supplements.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Mar 1, 2025
OBJECTIVE: To develop an advanced multi-task large language model (LLM) framework for extracting diverse types of information about dietary supplements (DSs) from clinical records.
Dietary Supplements Natural Language Processing Data Mining Humans Electronic Health Records Information Storage and Retrieval Large Language Models
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Utility of word embeddings from large language models in medical diagnosis.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Mar 1, 2025
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the utility of word embeddings, generated by large language models (LLMs), for medical diagnosis by comparing the semantic proximity of symptoms to their eponymic disease embedding ("eponymic condition") and the mean o...
Humans Natural Language Processing PubMed Semantics Large Language Models Tuberous Sclerosis Symptom Assessment Eponyms
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A dataset and benchmark for hospital course summarization with adapted large language models.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Mar 1, 2025
OBJECTIVE: Brief hospital course (BHC) summaries are clinical documents that summarize a patient's hospital stay. While large language models (LLMs) depict remarkable capabilities in automating real-world tasks, their capabilities for healthcare appl...
Humans Large Language Models Electronic Health Records Natural Language Processing Benchmarking Datasets as Topic
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Analysis of eligibility criteria clusters based on large language models for clinical trial design.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Mar 1, 2025
OBJECTIVES: Clinical trials (CTs) are essential for improving patient care by evaluating new treatments' safety and efficacy. A key component in CT protocols is the study population defined by the eligibility criteria. This study aims to evaluate the...
Research Design Cluster Analysis Natural Language Processing Humans Eligibility Determination Large Language Models Clinical Protocols Patient Selection Clinical Trials as Topic
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ESCARGOT: an AI agent leveraging large language models, dynamic graph of thoughts, and biomedical knowledge graphs for enhanced reasoning.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) Feb 4, 2025
MOTIVATION: LLMs like GPT-4, despite their advancements, often produce hallucinations and struggle with integrating external knowledge effectively. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) attempts to address this by incorporating external informat...
Humans Artificial Intelligence Computational Biology Large Language Models Software Algorithms
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Assessing Completeness of Clinical Histories Accompanying Imaging Orders Using Adapted Open-Source and Closed-Source Large Language Models.

Radiology Feb 1, 2025
Background Incomplete clinical histories are a well-known problem in radiology. Previous dedicated quality improvement efforts focusing on reproducible assessments of the completeness of free-text clinical histories have relied on tedious manual anal...
Medical History Taking Radiology Information Systems Large Language Models Natural Language Processing Diagnostic Imaging Quality Improvement Humans Retrospective Studies
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Application of large language models in clinical record correction: a comprehensive study on various retraining methods.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Feb 1, 2025
OBJECTIVES: We evaluate the effectiveness of large language models (LLMs), specifically GPT-based (GPT-3.5 and GPT-4) and Llama-2 models (13B and 7B architectures), in autonomously assessing clinical records (CRs) to enhance medical education and dia...
Electronic Health Records Language Large Language Models Humans Natural Language Processing
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Testing and Evaluation of Health Care Applications of Large Language Models: A Systematic Review.

JAMA Jan 28, 2025
IMPORTANCE: Large language models (LLMs) can assist in various health care activities, but current evaluation approaches may not adequately identify the most useful application areas.
Humans Medicine Natural Language Processing Language Delivery of Health Care Large Language Models
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