AIMC Topic: Large Language Models

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Enhancing disease clustering through symptom-based analysis and large language model interpretations.

Scientific reports
Humans face various diseases that are mainly caused by environmental conditions and living habits. These diseases exhibit several symptoms and can share a relationship based on their symptoms. The identification and interpretation of these groups of ...

Improving Large Language Model Applications in the Medical and Nursing Domains With Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Scoping Review.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is increasingly used to improve large language models in the medical and nursing domains. However, a comprehensive understanding of its specific architecture and applications in medical and nursing rea...

A comparison of the performance of Chinese large language models and ChatGPT throughout the entire clinical workflow.

Scientific reports
BACKGROUND: ChatGPT has demonstrated strong performance in the complex, full clinical workflow. In recent years, several large language models (LLMs) from China have been introduced; however, their performance in such intricate tasks has yet to be th...

Automated Esophageal Cancer Staging From Free-Text Radiology Reports: Large Language Model Evaluation Study.

JMIR medical informatics
BACKGROUND: Accurate staging of esophageal cancer is crucial for determining prognosis and guiding treatment strategies, but manual interpretation of radiology reports by clinicians is prone to variability and limited accuracy, resulting in reduced s...

Large language models as information providers for appropriate antimicrobial use: computational text analysis and expert-rated comparison of ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini.

BMJ health & care informatics
OBJECTIVES: Antimicrobial resistance is a critical public health threat. Large language models (LLMs) show great capability for providing health information. This study evaluates the effectiveness of LLMs in providing information on antibiotic use an...

Evaluating Large Language Models for Sentiment Analysis and Hesitancy Analysis on Vaccine Posts From Social Media: Qualitative Study.

JMIR formative research
BACKGROUND: In the digital age, social media has become a crucial platform for public discourse on diverse health-related topics, including vaccines. Efficient sentiment analysis and hesitancy detection are essential for understanding public opinions...

Large language models in clinical trials: applications, technical advances, and future directions.

BMC medicine
BACKGROUND: As clinical trials scale up and grow more complex, researchers are facing mounting challenges, including inefficient participant recruitment, complex data management, and limited risk monitoring. These issues not only increase the workloa...

Assessing the potential utility of large language models for assisting community health workers: protocol for a prospective, observational study in Rwanda.

BMJ open
INTRODUCTION: Community health workers (CHWs) are critical to healthcare delivery in low-resource settings but often lack formal clinical training, limiting their decision-making. Large language models (LLMs) could provide real-time, context-specific...

Evaluation Strategies for Large Language Model-Based Models in Exercise and Health Coaching: Scoping Review.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Large language model (LLM)-based artificial intelligence (AI) coaches show promise for personalized exercise and health interventions. However, the unique demands of ensuring safety and real-time, multimodal personalized feedback have cre...

Brain-to-text decoding with context-aware neural representations and large language models.

Journal of neural engineering
. Decoding attempted speech from neural activity offers a promising avenue for restoring communication abilities in individuals with speech impairments. Previous studies have focused on mapping neural activity to text using phonemes as the intermedia...